No abstract
These illustrations, of which all but the first three are original, have been reproduced from photographs, taken for the most part from Nature, but in some cases at the Zoological Gardens or elsewhere. It is my pleasant duty to offer my thanks to the many kind friends who have assisted in this work, especially Mr H. W. Richmond of King's College, Cambridge, the authorities of the Zoological Society, and those of the Natural History Department of the British Museum. C formed a contour or webbed feather, so that eventually the latter protrudes with the former at its tip. Subsequently this falls off, as may easily be observed in the young of any down-clad species. Many nesthngs, however, have Httle or no down at aU ; on the other hand many down-feathers remain continually in their 1-2 '^r idge {euitnm) /'X.^,-maxilla ""T. cutting edges (tomia) '-"'mandible '/gonys-'throat {gula) ..'-lesser coverts "fore-neck {Juguium). median cbverts' " bastard wing [alula). . greater coverts breast {pectus\ secondaries {remiges secundarit) A Falcon To shew the nomenclature of the external parts that catch in the folded margins of the next row and serve to produce a firm surface or " web " on each side name of migrants. The true or summer migrants, as regards Britain, are those which, after breeding in our country, leave it for the winter and rfcturn again in spring, the times of their arrival and departure being more or less variable quantities. The partial migrants on the other hand are those which may be said to be more or less resident in Britain as species, though many individuals leave us on migration, and many that have not bred with us visit us at the colder seasons. The birds of passage are those which are only seen for a shorter or longer period in autumn, pass on to more genial logists in different countries with a view to ascertaining where they occur at later periods ; and finally watchers have noted the arrival and departure of the different species and filled lengthy lists with their observations. Yet all this good work has but resulted in confirming noting that the movements are of much less extent in the southern half of the globe. On migration the young usually start before the parents, though in exceptional cases, such as that of the Cuckoo, which is reared more often than not by one of our resident species, they Hnger tiU a later date. Once started, the direction is distinctly influenced by the conformation of the land ; coasts, river-valleys, and so forth making for ease of travel, high mountain ranges for difficulty ; but even the last-named are not uncommonly surmounted, and the old idea that straight stated, the more adaptable species, specialized to that effect, may remain throughout the year in Arctic or tances, while such forms as the Turnstone and the Sanderling, which breed in the far north, go so far south in winter that they may practically be considered cosmopohtan. Migration naturally leads to thoughts of geographical distribution, and care must be taken not to confound (of the Old and the New Worlds...
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