Poultry farming is categorized as a developing business venture in most countries, especially Nigeria. This is followed by poultry feed production units ranging from smaller compartments to commercial poultry feed producers. This research study was carried out to examine the physical, and biochemical parameters of feed, growth performance, carcass traits, and visceral organs of pullets fed selected commercial grower feeds and formulated diet. A total number of 1200 Isa Brown pullets aged 10 weeks were divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates for each group randomly. This research experiment was completed within 8 weeks. All poultry feeds were filled inside standard polyethylene woven bags in the absence of insects/mold. All poultry feeds, including Top Feed, Chikun Feed, and formulated diet were grouped into mash form except one of the commercial feeds Vital Feed in the pelleted form which is the treatment of the research. There were significant differences in final body weight, weight gain, feed consumed, and feed conversion ratio among the experimental treatments. The least weight was recorded among hens fed Vital feeds with the highest feed intake, which might be due to high fiber content in the feed. The dietary treatment significantly affects the live weight, dressed weight, neck, breast muscle, liver, kidney, gizzard, and abdominal fat of pullet fed different commercial feed and formulated diets. The findings of the current study indicated that a self-formulated diet at the grower stage could replace the commercial poultry feeds used in the study.
Soybean (Glycine max) is a principal vegetable protein source in the animal feed industry in Nigeria, including the poultry feed industry, but because of the fact that it contains various anti-nutritional factors, the raw full-fat cannot be used in poultry nutrition. The present study was carried out to examine the carcass, and internal organ characteristics of broiler chickens fed a soybean diet. A total of eight hundred and four unsexed one-day-old broiler chickens (Arbor Acre) with an average weight of 45 ± 1.1 g were used in 56 days feeding trial to observe the effect of different processing methods of soybean on broiler chicken carcass and organs characteristics including; liver, spleen, lungs, crop, bile, pancreas, heart, intestine and empty gizzard. There were four dietary treatments (T1-T4), each containing soybean meal as the control diet, dried-boiled soybean, roasted soybean and dried-fermented soybean. Each treatment was replicated three times with 67 broiler chickens per replicate, giving 201 broiler chickens per treatment. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design. The starter diet was fed for 4 weeks and the finisher diet for 4 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, 15 broiler chickens were randomly selected for sampling and collecting the data. The weight of the internal organs and carcass characteristics showed no significant difference in the treatment groups, but the fermented method showed the highest value in the live weight (2075.00 g), eviscerated weight (1532.46 g), and breast weight (483.72 g) compared to other carcass parameters in other treatments including the control diet. It is, therefore, concluded that for optimal broiler growth, the fermented processing method of soybean is recommended. Keywords: Broilers chicken, Carcass characteristic, Diet, Internal organ, Processed soybean
Dry matter yields of Moringa oleifera leaf powder (MLP) and Allium sativum bulb powder (ABP), and egg organoleptic attributes of laying hens fed dietary treatments was determined using 240 ISA Brown laying hens of 18 weeks old. The birds were randomly assigned to 5 dietary treatments with 4 replicates of 12 birds each. The treatments were T1 = control diet, T2 = MLP replaced with soya bean meal at 1%, T3 = MLP replaced with soya bean meal at 3%, T4 = MLP replaced with soya bean meal at 1% + 0.1% ABP and T5 = MLP replaced with soya bean meal at 3% + 0.3% ABP. The feeding trial lasted for 6 months. Data were collected on dry matter yields and egg organoleptic attributes. Data collected were subjected to General Linear Model Procedure of SAS v13. Significant means were separated using Tukey’s Procedure tested at a 5% level of significance. The average moisture content in Moringa oleifera leaf and Allium sativum bulb were about 75.32% and 78.28% while dry matter yields were 24.68% and 21.72% respectively. Colour, taste, off-flavour and overall acceptability of the eggs were significantly (p < 0.05) influenced by the inclusion of MLP and ABP in laying diets. Eggs in T5 recorded the highest value (8.05) of overall acceptability and had the lowest off-flavour (2.38). The dry matter yields are economically useful in poultry diet, while the dietary treatments lead to an improvement in the value chain of poultry eggs, owning to consumers preference.
The experiment investigated the effects of various soya bean groups (boiled, fermented, and roasted) on Japanese quail at 3 weeks old. 160 Japanese quail were randomly assigned to four treatments (control, boiling soya beans, fermented soya beans, roasted soya beans) with four duplicates each. The 12-week trial lasted. Data on weekly body weights and feed conversion ratio were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's honestly significant at 5% probability test. The result shows there are significant differences in weekly weights of Japanese quail at weeks 1(828.12-1083.24g), 2(1026.47-1362.02g), and 3(1325.69-1528.20g) with the highest observed in birds in treatment 2(boiled soya beans). The maximum FCR was in week 1 for all treatments, while the lowest was in treatment 3 for weeks 5 and 9 (0.83; P<0.005). Week 1 to week 12 feed conversion ratio decreases. The birds' feed conversion ratios varied significantly (P<0.05). The quails in treatment 4 (roasted soybeans) had the greatest weekly weight after the trial (1742.34g). Thus, quails in treatment 3 (roasted soybean) had the best development performance than the control, boiled and fermented. So it advised that roasted soybean can be an efficient diet for Japanese quails for maximum performance.
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