The analysis by nuclear activation techniques and by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry combined with an UV laser of a large number of gold coins issued in the Arab Empire from the seventh to the 12th century AD showed that several different supplying sources were used, according to the region and to the period.The aim of this paper is to point out the circulation of gold in the Near and Middle Eastern mints of the Arab Empire and to make a parallel with the mints' policies running in the other regions of the Empire, such as North Africa, the Iberian Peninsula and the Sicily.The identification of different gold ores by means of characteristic trace elements indicated recycling of the ancient coinage and, after AD 750, the minting in the entire Arab Empire of different new gold ores: Egyptian type, North Eastern type and West African type. The analysis of a small number of silver coins from the same periods and regions also showed a change in the ore supply after AD 750.
Les problématiques concernant l'étude de provenance de l'or monnayé sont abordées au moyen des techniques classiques ainsi que par la méthode de spectrométrie de masse à plasma inductif couplée à une ablation laser. Après la mise au point des paramètres d'analyse pour un nouveau laser de type UV, nous abordons les questions telles la reproductibilité de l'analyse et les limites de détection. Puis, nous exposons les avantages de cette méthode par rapport à 1' activation protonique pour la caractérisation de l'or.
Pour estimer les possibilités de la technique LA-ICP-MS permettant de différencier des ors d'origines diverses, nous présentons les premiers résultats de son application à l'étude de l'or monnayé au XVIIIème siècle en Europe ainsi qu'aux imitations gauloises du statère à l'effigie de Philippe II de Macédoine.
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