Optic pathway gliomas (OPG) occur in 15% of patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1; OMIM 162200). Genotype-phenotype correlations in patients with NF1 may help to determine the risk group for developing complications such as OPG in coincidence with other NF1.features. We evaluated 52 patients with NF1 (25 with OPG and 27 without OPG). All subjects underwent a clinical examination focused on neurofibromatosis type 1 and molecular diagnostics of NF1 gene using protocol based on RNA analysis confirming the diagnosis of NF1. In the group with OPG patients, there was a significantly higher incidence of freckling (P=0.017), neurofibromatosis bright objects (NBO) (P=0.0038), compared to the group without OPG. The differences between the groups with respect to Lisch nodules were on the borderline of statistical significance (P=0.088). The frequency of neurofibromas in the group with OPG was not significant (P=0.9). From all patients with the mutation localized in the first tertile of the NF1 gene majority (71%) had optic glioma compared to individuals who didn't have the OPG 29% (P=0.0049). Our results present the clustering of mutations in the 5'tertile of NF1 gene in patients with optic nerve glioma and suggest higher incidence of freckling and neurofibromatosis brain objects in these patients. Molecular analysis of NF1 gene is important part in complex management of NF1 patients and contributes to a better understanding of clinical picture of NF1 patients. .

The autosomal recessive form of primary congenital glaucoma (gene symbol GLC3) has been recently mapped to two different loci, GLC3A (at 2p21), and GLC3B (at 1p36), respectively, on families of Turkish and Saudi Arabian provenance. This disorder is known to occur with an extremely high incidence in Roms (Gypsies) in Slovakia. We performed a standard linkage analysis on a sample of 7 Slovak Gypsy families comprising 18 affected members, and found significant linkage with four STR markers from the chromosomal region of 2p21 (D2S1788, D2S1346, D2S2328, and D2S1356), without heterogeneity. This finding demonstrates that in the Rom population of Slovakia, primary congenital glaucoma is due to the locus GLC3A, and consequently, to the mutation(s) in the cytochrome P4501B1 gene, which has been recently identified as the principal cause of the disease. Roms represent the third population, in which the disorder has been mapped to GLC3A.

The DLC method was significantly more effective than single-spot DLC in the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity.

PURPOSES: To inform about a case of Revesz syndrome (RS) with initial ophthalmological symptomatology of severe proliferative vitreoretinopathy of the left eye (LE). After the aplastic anemia had developed, RS was established. The exudative retinopathy was successfully treated with photocoagulation on the right eye (RE). BACKGROUND: RS is characterized by fatal bone marrow failure, exudative retinopathy, neuroradiographic abnormalities, neurodevelopmental delay and skin abnormalities. Non-treated exudative retinopathy leads to blindness. METHODS: We report ophthalmological fi ndings as follows: fundus photography and fl uorescein angiography (FA) acquired by examinations under general anesthesia in patient with RS. Results of genetic tests helped to establish the diagnosis. RESULTS: Two-year old Caucasian male was examined due to total retinal detachment on LE and signs of chorioretinal scarring on RE. In preoperative screening, thrombocytopenia was detected; later, severe pancytopenia developed. Considering the hematological fi ndings and clinical appearance, we suspected RS, which was confi rmed by genetic tests. We found a pathogenic mutation in gene TINF2 (variant c.865C>T;p.Pro289Ser) in a mosaic state with autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. This mutation has not been described in RS yet. Blind LE was enucleated because of dolorous neovascular glaucoma. FA of RE shows excessive areas of capillary nonperfusion with vascular abnormalities and exudation. After the photocoagulation, the visual acuity (VA) on RE remains 0.9 at the age of 7 years. CONCLUSIONS: RS is an extremely rare condition. The initial symptomatology could be ophthalmological or hematological. The positive fi nding of TINF2 gene mutation helped in establishing the correct diagnosis. The ischemic retinopathy was successfully treated by photocoagulation (Fig. 6, Ref. 6). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.

Analysis of 126 families comprising 205 patients with congenital glaucoma demonstrates that in Gypsies this disease follows the pattern of autosomal recessive inheritance with complete penetrance, while in the non‐Gypsy population, its mode of inheritance is most probably multifactorial. In Gypsy patients with congenital glaucoma, the eyes are always bilaterally affected, the onset of the disease is in the prenatal period, and its course is rather severe. The population frequency of the disease is extremely high (among Gypsies), and the consanguinity rate among parents is as high as 41%. In non‐Gypsy patients, 26.6% of all cases are only unilaterally affected, and the course of the disease is generally milder with a later onset. The population frequency in a non‐Gypsy population is much lower, the consanguinity rate is not increased, and an excess of males (1.55:l) is significant.

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We suppose that good treatment results, in spite of extraordinary long lag interval and hopeless pretreatment condition, caused by alternative therapy with high doses vitamin C and no protein intake, were caused by therapeutic naïve retinoblastoma with an absence of RB1 gene mutation (Fig. 6, Ref. 7).