Porous polymethacrylic acid-co-triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (MAA-co-3G) and polyacrylic acid-co-triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (AA-co-3G) were prepared by four different polymerization techniques, namely, suspension, dispersion, seed, and microemulsion polymerization using an inert diluent (n-hexane and polystyrene). The morphology and porosity of the obtained polymers were examined by means of a scanning electron microscope. The surface areas of the obtained polymers were determined colorimetrically. The copolymers were modified by hydroximation and chlorination using hydroxyl amine and thionyl chloride, respectively. The effect of polymerization type, surface area, modification, and pH on the protease enzyme immobilization over poly(MAA-co-3G) and poly(AA-co-3G) was examined. The enzyme activity was measured by means of a spectrophotometer. The reactivity ratios of the two monomers MAA and 3G were determined by means of the elemental analysis method.

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Porous poly(methacrylic-co-glycidylmethacrylate) (MAA-GM) was prepared by dispersion polymerization using benzoyl peroxide as an initiator and methacrylate terminated phthalate glycol polyester as a steric stabilizer in polar organic medium (chloroform-ethanol mixture). The prepared poly(methacrylic acid) dispersion was crosslinked by glycidylmethacrylate oligomers. The crosslinked copolymer (MAA-GM) was base hydrolyzed using hydroxyl amine, sodium methoxide, and triethyl amine. The metal binding behavior of the prepared polymer was examined by means of atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The thermal stability of the prepared polymers was examined by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA).

Porous poly(methacrylic-co-triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate) (MAA-3G) was prepared by suspension polymerization using benzoyl peroxide as an initiator, poly(vinyl alcohol) as a protective colloid, and n-hexane as a porogenic agent. The prepared polymer was base hydrolysed using hydroxyl amine and sodium methoxide into the corresponding polyhydroxamic acid (HYOX). The metal binding behavior of polyhydroxamic acid with various metal ions, the effect of pH on the metal ion capturing, and the selectivity of the resin towards the different metal ions were also examined by means of atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The thermal stability of the prepared base-hydrolysed polymer and the metal polymer complex was examined by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The prepared porous polymer methacrylic-co-triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate and its different modulated forms were characterized by means of FTIR specroscopy and scanning electron microscope. The hydroxamic acid content was also examined by elemental analysis.

ABSTRACT:The emulsifier and emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) using sodium bisulphite, acetaldehyde sodium bisulphite (ACSB), octyladehyde sodium bisulphite (OSB), benzaldehyde sodium bisulphite (BSB), and acetone sodium bisulphite (ASB) as different initiators, and dodecyl benzene sodium sulphonate (DBSS) as an emulsifier, were carried out at 30, 40, and 50ЊC. The effect of iron (II) chloride on the rate of polymerization and on the viscosity-average molecular weight was investigated. The effect of temperature, iron (II) chloride, and the type of initiator on the tacticity of the obtained polymers was investigated by means of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The effect of iron (II) chloride and the four carbonyl adducts (ACSB, OSB, BSB, and ASB) on the volume-average diameter and the number of polymer particles per unit volume was investigated. It was found that iron (II) chloride has a pronounced catalytic effect on the emulsion polymerization. The initiating powers of the four carbonyl adducts, ACSB, BSB, OSB, and ASB, were found to be 3.27, 0.6, 1.78, and 0.23, respectively. The rate of emulsion polymerization and viscosity-average molecular weight were found to be dependent on the emulsifier concentration, initiator type and concentration, temperature, and amount of the catalyst (FeCl 2 ).