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Clean-contaminated wound was the most significant factor affecting the LOS, with others being ASA grades 3 and 4, longer duration of surgery and presence of a tracheostomy. Using these parameters, it is possible to predict the LOS in patients undergoing major surgical resection for head and neck cancer.

Background. Antiemetic maropitant is a widely used medication for treating acute and chronic vomiting in cats. It is available as tablets or injectable solution (Cerenia®). The oral and injectable routes being especially difficult to pursue in cats experiencing vomiting and nausea, the transdermal administration might be an efficient alternative. The hypothesis of this study was that transdermal maropitant would achieve therapeutic serum concentrations with minimal short-term adverse effects. Case description. There were 8 cats enrolled in this study, weighing between 3 and 8 kg, more than 6 months old, experiencing at least two episodes of vomiting in the last 72 hours. Compounded transdermal maropitant in a liposomal hydrophilic emulsion vehicle was administered at a dosage of 4 mg/cat QD, applied on the inner pinna of the ear during five consecutive days. Monitoring and evaluation of vomiting frequency and nausea were performed. A significant decrease in vomiting frequency was observed in 6 of the 8 enrolled cats. A reduction of nausea, associated with an improvement of the appetite, was observed in some cases. Conclusion. Transdermal application of maropitant to cats experiencing vomiting seems to be a good alternative to existing oral medication, taking into account the difficulty of oral administration in these cases. Further studies are necessary to determine dosing and pharmacokinetics.

Glaucoma is a group of diseases commonly defined by an increased intraocular pressure (IOP) which interferes with normal function of the optic nerve and retina. Characteristic changes of glaucoma include reduced axoplasmic flow in the optic nerve head, retinal ganglion cells death, cupping of the optic disc and visual damage or blindness due to retinal and optic nerve atrophy. Glaucoma with a normal intraocular pressure (normotensive glaucoma) has been described in human patients, however not in animals so far.

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