SummaryThe variability revealed in a half-diallel cross between nine diverse genotypes of winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) D.C.) in regard to yield and yield components was studied in the F1 generation. The results indicated that high genetic variability existed for all traits. With respect to seed size, general combining ability effects alone were adequate to predict the performance of hybrids. For numbers of pods per plant and seeds per pod, both general and specific combining ability effects were of equal importance, while the performance of hybrids for grain yield was mainly dependent on specific combining ability effects. Heterosis was clearly evident for number of seeds per pod and grain yield. Of the yield components, number of pods per plant exhibited a positive genotypic association of appreciable magnitude with grain yield, showing its usefulness as an indicator of yield in selection.
This study was carried out at the Barrage Horticulture Research Station, Qaluobia Governorate, and the Strawberry Improvement Center, Faculty of Agric., Ain Shams Univ. during the period from 2005 to 2009. The aim of this study was to produce and selected some local promising strawberry hybrids from the commercial cultivars through the traditional crossing method. Four potential cultivars i.e., Sweet Charlie, Diamonte, Camarosa and Vantana were used in the crossing and six hybrids were chosen and evaluated in the nursery stage and also for yield and fruit quality in two seasons. The study aimed also to determine the average degree of heterosis (ADH) regarding some horticultural characters viz., yield component, and fruit physical and chemical characteristic for the obtained hybrids. This knowledge about this sort of genetics would be helpful to the plant breeder for planning a successful breeding program. Results revealed that hybrid K102 (Kanater 102) exhibited the highest values in total yield, average fruit weight, fruit firmness and total soluble solids content as compared with its parents suggesting hybrid vigor for these traits. Hybrid K101 showed the highest values of average fruit weight, total soluble solids, ascorbic acid content and the lowest total acidity as compared with the parents. Also, K105 gave the highest values of number of fresh and dormant transplants and the lowest values of total acidity. Results indicate also that K 106 showed the highest values of total plant yield and average fruit weight as compared with the parental cultivars. Hybrids, K103 and K107 showed the highest values in fruit firmness and average fruit weight respectively as compared with the parents. Also, Sweet Charlie and Camarosa parents were the highest in early yield per plant and average fruit weight respectively. In general, the results on heterosis showed that most produced hybrids exhibited higher values than the better parent concerning most studied traits. The observed hybrid vigor for these traits encourages the production of F1 hybrids in strawberry for commercial production. The study concludes that six new local strawberry hybrids have been produced with high productivity and desirable eating quality than their parents.
This study was carried out during 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 seasons in two experiments. The first was conducted to investigate the effect of four strawberry nursery mother plant orders, i.e., nucleus, foundation, registered and certified and two promising cultivars, i.e., Tamar and Festival on number and quality of transplants in the nursery. The second experiment aimed to study the same treatments on yield and fruit quality using transplants derived from the above mentioned orders and cultivars. A split plot design was adopted. Results of the first experiment indicated that nucleus plant order showed the highest values of number of transplants/plant, number of roots and crown diameter/transplant. Plants derived from foundation order exhibited the highest values in crown diameter and root length. Also, plants derived from certified order showed the highest root length. As for the cultivar effect, Tamar cultivar showed higher significant values in number of transplants/plant and number of roots than Festival, while Festival plants indicated significant increases in root length and plant height as compared with Tamar. Results of the interaction showed that nucleus plants of Festival cv exhibited the highest values of number of transplants while plants derived from nucleus Tamar showed the highest values of root length and transplant height. Results of the second experiment indicate that transplants derived from nucleus order showed the lowest values of early yield while those derived from foundation order exhibited the highest values of fruit firmness and total acidity. The highest early and total yields as well as total soluble solids were produced from plants derived from registered order. Results showed also that Festival cv, showed higher values of early and total yield and total acidity than Tamar while Tamar fruits indicated higher total soluble solids and ascorbic acid than Festival. The interaction show that plants derived from registered Festival cv gave the highest values of early and total yield while the heaviest fruits were harvested from plants derived from nucleus Tamar cv. The study conclude that it could be recommended to use registered plants (the second generation from tissue culture plants) of Festival to obtain high early and total yield for local market also with high acidity and firmness for export markets.
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