In the clinical practice of a dentist-orthopedist, patients with various diseases, abnormalities and deformities are often found. In this case, there may often be a relationship between General somatic pathology and manifestations in the oral cavity. Parkinson's disease is no exception. This paper discusses the main features of the course of the disease in the oral cavity and the principles of a differentiated approach to orthopedic treatment. So in patients with Parkinson's disease, sialorrhea (salivation, hypersalivation), dryness of the red border of the lips and oral mucosa, speech changes, «prosthetic» stomatitis are observed. At the same time, these patients have sensory and vegetative disorders, violation of muscle tone, which aggravates the process of prosthetics and creates certain difficulties for a dentist-orthopedist. Due to the spread of this disease among the elderly, who often require dental care, clinicians need to know about this pathology.
Currently, in the clinical practice of a dentist-surgeon, patients with various diseases, anomalies and deformities in the oral cavity are often found. The red lichen planus (CPL) is not an exception. This paper discusses the main features of the course of the disease in the oral cavity and possible approaches to therapeutic tactics in surgical intervention. Thus, patients with CPL have edema, hyperemia, multiple or single nodular rashes on the oral mucosa (SOPR), enlarged and painful lymph nodes, and discoloration of the gums. Among the main complaints are pain and bleeding in the area of the changed SOPR, which aggravates the process of surgical intervention and creates certain difficulties for the dentist-surgeon. Due to the spread of this disease among people from 30 to 60 years old, who often require dental care, clinicians need and need to have knowledge about this pathology.
An experimental study of the innovative wound expander applicability for surgical operations in the oral cavity was performed. For comparative analysis, 40 experimental models were divided into 4 groups depending on the use of auxiliary devices: Farabef hooks, VICRYL 3/0 suture material (ETHICON, USA), innovative wound expander, without the use of additional materials and tools. An experimental simulation of the operation of dental implantation in the area of the included dentition defect (Kennedy class III, IV), as one of the most frequent outpatient surgical operations in the oral cavity, was performed. The results of the study prove the innovative wound expander applicability for surgical operations in the oral cavity and its obvious advantages over existing analogues: providing adequate access, reliable, stable fixation of the wound edges, minimal injury to the surrounding tissues, protecting the edges of the operating wound from possible injury during surgery, lightweight, durable design, individually adapted to the anatomical features of the operated area, made of biologically inert materials, safety and ease of operation, affordable price, no need for an assistant to contact the operating field. Therefore, it is reasonable to conduct further clinical approbation and introduce the device into the practice of dental surgeons and maxillofacial surgeons.
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