Despite the increasing evidence of the benefit of corticosteroids for the treatment of moderate-severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, no data are available about the potential role of high doses of steroids for these patients. We evaluated the mortality, the risk of need for mechanical ventilation (MV), or death and the risk of developing a severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) between high (HD) and standard doses (SD) among patients with a severe COVID-19. All consecutive confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to a single center were selected, including those treated with steroids and an ARDS. Patients were allocated to the HD (≥ 250 mg/day of methylprednisolone) of corticosteroids or the SD (≤ 1.5 mg/kg/day of methylprednisolone) at discretion of treating physician. Five hundred seventy-three patients were included: 428 (74.7%) men, with a median (IQR) age of 64 (54-73) years. In the HD group, a worse baseline respiratory situation was observed and male gender, older age, and comorbidities were significantly more common. After adjusting by baseline characteristics, HDs were associated with a higher mortality than SD (adjusted OR 2.46, 95% CI 1.59-3.81, p < 0.001) and with an increased risk of needing MV or death (adjusted OR 2.35, p = 0.001). Conversely, the risk of developing a severe ARDS was similar between groups. Interaction analysis showed that HD increased mortality exclusively in elderly patients. Our real-world experience advises against exceeding 1-1.5 mg/kg/day of corticosteroids for severe COVID-19 with an ARDS, especially in older subjects. This reinforces the rationale of modulating rather than suppressing immune responses in these patients.

Resumen La pandemia COVID-19 causada por el virus SARS-CoV-2 ha ocasionado decenas de miles de muertos en España y logrado colapsar los hospitales de la red sanitaria en la Comunidad de Madrid, debido en gran parte a su particular tendencia a causar neumonías graves con necesidad de soporte ventilatorio. Este hecho ha ocasionado el colapso de nuestro centro, llegando a tener una ocupación del 130% de sus camas por enfermos COVID-19, y causando por tanto el cese absoluto de actividad del servicio de urología, la práctica desaparición de la docencia de los residentes y la incorporación de buena parte de la plantilla de urología al grupo de personal médico que atiende a estos pacientes. Para la recuperación de esta elevada cantidad de actividad suspendida será necesaria una priorización de la patología en base a criterios puramente clínicos, para la cual se proponen tablas que recogen la relevancia de cada patología dentro de cada área de la urología. Herramientas brindadas por la tecnología como la formación online o los simuladores quirúrgicos podrán ser útiles para la necesaria restitución de la formación de residentes.

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has caused tens of thousands of deaths in Spain and has managed to breakdown the healthcare system hospitals in the Community of Madrid, largely due to its tendency to cause severe pneumonia, requiring ventilatory support. This fact has caused our center to collapse, with 130% of its beds occupied by COVID-19 patients, thus causing the absolute cessation of activity of the urology service, the practical disappearance of resident training programs, and the incorporation of a good part of the urology staff into the group of medical personnel attending these patients. In order to recover from this extraordinary level of suspended activity, we will be obliged to prioritize pathologies based on purely clinical criteria, for which tables including the relevance of each pathology within each area of urology are being proposed. Technology tools such as online training courses or surgical simulators may be convenient for the necessary reestablishment of resident education.

Abdominal pain associated with nausea and vomiting in a young patient led to a diagnosis of median arcuate ligament syndrome. The presence of mild haematuria was associated with a concomitant Nutcracker syndrome. Diagnosis was achieved by a computed tomography scan, which showed compression of the vessels of the coeliac axis and left renal vein. These syndromes are very rare, and their association in the same patient has not been described before. There is no relationship in the aetiology of these entities. In this report we discuss the diagnosis and therapeutic options, and review the literature.

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