Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio could be a reliable and easily accessible method for follow-up of patients with AS.

We investigated the diagnostic value of bone marrow (BM) sampling in investigation of HIV-infected patients presenting to a major London HIV treatment centre between 1999 and 2004. One hundred and fourteen consecutive patients underwent 130 BM samplings. The majority of BM aspirates were normal or showed non-diagnostic changes; microscopy revealed lymphoma in one and mycobacterial infection in two. Subsequent culture identified mycobacterial infection in nine samples. BM trephine had a diagnostic yield of 26% in patients with fever and cytopaenia (including mycobacteriosis in 14%, lymphoma in 6%, Castleman disease in 3% and "drug effect" in 3%), a yield of 20% in patients with fever, but no cytopaenia (mycobacteriosis in each case), and a yield of 19% in patients with cytopaenia in the absence of fever (lymphoma in 5% and "drug effect" in 14%). In investigation/staging of lymphoma, the diagnostic yield was 36%. The overall yield from BM sampling was 30% in patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and 23% in those not receiving HAART. In this study, BM sampling was of most diagnostic value in HIV-infected patients where fever and cytopaenia coexisted in the absence of localizing signs of infection, and in the staging/investigation of lymphoma. BM sampling had less diagnostic value in the investigation of fever without cytopaenia or cytopaenia without fever.

Purpose We aimed to determine the COVID-19 infection rate and determine the factors that affect hospitalization and prognosis in patients receiving systemic chemotherapy (CT), immunotherapy (IT) and molecular-targeted therapies at our hospital within three months after the onset of COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods The patients who received systemic treatment at chemotherapy unit with diagnosis of cancer between 11 March 2020 and 11 June 2020 were included. The clinical and demographic characteristics of patients, the systemic treatments that they received (CT, IT, targeted therapies), and the stage of disease were determined. For the parameters that affect the hospitalization of COVID-19 infected patients were also determined. Results Among 1149 patients with cancer, 84 of them were infected with COVID-19, and the median age of infected patients was 61.0 (IQR: 21–84) and 60.7% of them were male. As a subtype of cancers lung cancer was more frequent in the patients who infected with COVID compared with non-infected ones and the difference was statistically significant when the underlying malignities were compared (32.1% vs 19.0%, p = 0.031). The hospitalization rate and receiving COVID-19 treatment were more frequent in metastatic patients who were receiving palliative therapy, and the difference was statistically significant ( p = 0.01, p = 0.03). In our study, infection rate was similar among patients treated with CT, IT and CT plus targeted therapy; however, fewer COVID-19 infections were seen at patients who received only targeted therapy. Conclusion COVID-19 infection is more frequent in cancer patients and tends to be more severe in metastatic cancer patients receiving anticancer treatment, and the continuation of palliative cancer treatments in these patients may cause increased cancer and infection-related morbidity and mortality.

Primary testicular lymphoma, is a rare testis tumor that accounts for only less than 9% of all testis tumors. In the preoperative period, it is extremely difficult to distinguish this tumor from other testis tumors. Its diagnosis is done by histological analysis. Most commonly encountered histological type is diffuse large Bcell lymphoma. Adjuvant radiotheraphy and/or chemotheraphy is given after orchiectomy. Prognosis is worse than other testis tumors. Non-metastatic tumors indicates good prognosis within one year. Ongoing research in patients with primary testicular lymphoma, are on efficacy of adjuvant theraphies and preventive and cure effect on extranodal extension to central nervous system which is the most common site for recurrency. There are conflicting results because of the small number of patient size. Here we present two cases with primary testicular lymphoma at the ages 71 and 82.

Although it is still developing, PVP with KTP or LBO seems to be a promising alternative to both TURP and OP in terms of cardiovascular safety and in patients using anticoagulants.