This review draws a rather comprehensive picture of how Suzuki polycondensation was discovered in 1989 and how it was subsequently developed into the most powerful polymerization method for polyarylenes during the last 20 years. It combines insights into synthetic issues with classes of polymers prepared and touches upon aspects of this method's technological importance. Because a significant part of the developmental work was carried out in industry, the present review makes reference to an unusually large number of patents.
Covalent monolayer sheets in 2 hours: spreading of threefold anthracene-equipped shape-persistent and amphiphilic monomers at the air/water interface followed by a short photochemical treatment provides access to infinitely sized, strictly monolayered, covalent sheets with in-plane elastic modulus in the range of 19 N/m.
This article provides an overview on a new and easy to perform Ni-and Pd-catalyzed polycondensation of various kinds of homo-and heteroaromatic monomers. It allows the regiospecific coupling of these monomers at predetermined positions to furnish the corresponding structurally perfect polyarylenes, which up to now have only been known as ill-defined, generally insoluble and infusible materials. The compatibility of this method towards functional groups is excellent. The achievable degrees of polymerization range from 20 to 60. The solubility and characterizability of the polymers is ensured, if necessary, by the attachment of flexible alkyl, tert.-butyl, or alkoxy chains to the monomers. Results of initial physicochemical measurements with some of the polymers and their respective model compounds are briefly discussed. They do not only give vital clues to the intrinsic properties of poly-and oligoarylenes but also disclose exciting, unprecedented properties of these materials.
Palladium-und Nickelkatalysierte Polykondensation -Der Schliissel zu strukturell definierten Polyarylenen und anderen aroma t is ch en Po ly m erenIn diesem Artikel wird ein Uberblick iiber ein neues und einfach durchzufuhrendes, mit Nickel oder Palladium katalysiertes Polykondensationsverfahren fur verschiedene homo-und heteroaromatische Monomere gegeben. Diese Methode ermoglicht die regiospezifische Verknupfung der Monomere an vorgegebenen Stellen, um so die entsprechenden strukturell perfekten Polyarylene zu gewinnen, die bisher nur als schlecht definierte, im allgemeinen unlosliche und unschrnelzbare Substanzen bekannt waren. Die Vertraglichkeit der Methode gegeniiberfunktionellen Gruppen ist ausgezeichnet. Die erreichbaren Polymerisationsgrade liegen bei 20 bis 60. Die Loslichkeit und Charakterisierbarkeit der Polymere wird, wenn erforderlich, durch Anknupfung von flexiblen Alkyl-, tert.-Butyl-oder Alkoxyketten an die Monomere gewahrleistet. Die Ergebnisse von vorlaufigen physikochemischen Messungen an einigen der Polymere beziehungsweise an ihren Modellsubstanzen werden kurz diskutiert. Sie liefern nicht nur wichtige Anhaltspunkte fur die Eigenschaften der Poly-und Oligoarylene, sondern auch Hinweise auf interessante, vollig neuartige Eigenschaften dieser Materialien. Acta Polymer., 44, 59-69 (1993) Palladium and nickel catalyzed polycondensation -The key to structurally
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