Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) technique is a promising technique for the use in cognitive radio (CR) systems. As energy efficiency becomes a design goal for all communication systems, nowadays CR systems are designed so that energy efficiency is maximized. This paper proposes a power allocation technique with improved energy efficiency for MIMO-OFDM based CR with tolerable degradation at system capacity. The performance of proposed scheme is evaluated and compared with existing schemes.
Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) are the promising approach and also a key component of intelligent transport system. Its main aim is to provide driver convenience and safety. To improve security and balance the message overload the cluster approach and the key distribution technique is used. In this model first the network is analyzed based on its parameters and develop three models based on road condition and clusters are formed with every node in the network. The group key management scheme improves scalability, reliability, and security of the VANET. Group key management in VANET solves the issues associated with membership changes. In this phase a model for sending a file from the source to the destination using the mesh network is implemented and the core resolution algorithm for finding the core node in that and the expanded ring search algorithm for identifying the next mesh address in the path to reach the destination. Through this the scalability and the efficiency of network is improved.
ABSTRACT:In Electronic device adder has been used frequently. An adder is specified in terms of delay area and power. This paper suggests a possible method for reduction in power Software used for simulation of adder is Mentor graphics with 180 nm technology. By comparing proposed adder with existing adders reduction in power delay product has been found.
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