The process of temperature flow separation of gas in vortex tube is studied. The enhanced mathematical model of vortex tube has been proposed. With the help of various methods the conditions for the ejection event in vortex tube has been researched. The influence of several geometrical parameters on thermodynamic efficiency of vortex tube has been defined. Based on the proposed mathematical model, a new method of calculation the geometrical parameters (nozzle diameter, diaphragm diameter, sizes of conical valve) and the degree of flow, which are needed to obtain the requested cooling and heating effects depending on the available pressure ratio, has been developed.
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