Abstract. Enzootic calcinosis was diagnosed in sheep in Uruguay in pastures containing the plant Nierembergia rivularis. In a flock of 200 sheep, 20 were affected and 12 died. Clinical signs were anorexia, weight loss followed by cachexia, stiffness, and kyphosis. At necropsy and histologic examination, mineral deposits were observed on the medial layer of the arteries, heart, lungs, and kidneys. Similar lesions were also observed in 3 sheep forced to graze in an area containing the plant, while no lesions were observed in a control sheep that grazed in an area free of N. rivularis. It is concluded that N. rivularis is a calcinogenic plant for sheep.
This work describes two outbreaks of enzootic calcinosis in sheep in Uruguay: one caused by Solanum glaucophyllum in 2006 and the other by Nierembergia rivularis in 2005-2006.
This chapter reports spontaneous outbreaks of intoxication by Lathyrus hirsutus in calves in Uruguay and its experimental reproduction in the same species. Seven outbreaks during the years 2004-2008 were studied. Cases occurred in November in the Departments of San José and Canelones. Farms where outbreaks occurred were visited and plants collected for botanic identification. The most prevalent weed was identified as L. hirsutus. Seeds of the plant were found in faeces and microhistological analysis of leaf epidermis showed evidence of the weed. Diagnosis was based on epidemiological data, presence of the plant, and clinical signs.
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