In this research the meat quality of the two canary sheep local breeds, Canaria breed (CB) and Canaria Hair breed (CHB), was evaluated, making groups of 10 males and females from each, slaughtered at live weights of 9.78 ± 0.49 kg, 15.8 ± 0.66 kg and 24.9 ± 0.76 kg. The breed affected to meat and fat colour at 24 h after slaughter. Meat of CB showed more redness and more chroma values. Fat of CB showed greater lightness. Related to the physio-chemical analysis of the meat, CB showed higher water-holding capacity, shear force and intramuscular fat content that CHB; however, CHB showed higher protein and ash percentages that CB. In relation to fat quality, CB presented higher MUFA percentage and CHB had higher PUFA percentage. CHB showed the lower atherogenic and thrombogenic indexes. Slaughter weight affected the pH, meat and fat colour and also all physio-chemical parameters, except shear force and collagen content and the fatty acid profile. Males had higher moisture content, soluble collagen and PUFA, while females had higher MUFA. The breed effect on meat quality was shown mainly in lambs slaughtered at 10 kg. Owing to their fatty acid profile, the healthiest meat was from lambs slaughtered at 25 kg. ARTICLE HISTORY
Goat grazing management is a powerful ecological force structuring plant communities which effects are highly different depending on factors such as climatic conditions, grazing intensity, type of plant community, etc. Pastures in the Canary Islands have important heritage, socioeconomic and landscape values because they are the remains of traditional livestock management and a key element of local economy. An experimental study of goat grazing exclusion has been carried out in an area of La Gomera Island to determine the main effects of grazing abandonment on species richness and species composition. The species composition of La Gomera pastures is more sensitive to grazing than to climatic variability, though effects in the species richness in relation to grazing were not detected. Because the pasture origin in this area involved artificial, removing of non useful plants in order to provide land for agriculture more than 300 years ago, and using it for pastures around 80 years ago, the sustainable use has maintained this rich plant community. Grazing abandonment can have a negative effect on the pastures' diversity, as grazing has been a strong force in the maintenance of certain species. Public promotion of this primary activity is suggested to allow the continuation with minimal effects on the vegetation composition. This will help to conserve the high diversity of this area and the promotion of natural values as well as traditional and sustainable human activities.Additional key words: detrended correspondence analysis; plant community; rarefaction; sustainability. Resumen Efectos a largo plazo del abandono del pastoreo de cabras en la composición y riqueza de especies en los pastizales de La Gomera, Islas CanariasEl pastoreo caprino es una importante fuerza estructurante de las comunidades de plantas, con efectos altamente dependientes de factores como las condiciones climáticas, la intensidad de pastoreo y el tipo de comunidad entre otros. Los pastizales de las Islas Canarias tienen valores culturales, socioeconómicos y paisajísticos importantes, puesto que son remanentes de actividades tradicionales y elementos clave de la economía local. Se ha llevado a cabo un estudio de exclusión del ramoneo de cabras en la isla de La Gomera para determinar los efectos del abandono del pastoreo en la riqueza y composición de especies de sus pastizales. La composición de especies de los pastizales está más influenciada por el pastoreo que por la variabilidad climática, aunque no se detectaron efectos en la riqueza de especies entre áreas pastoreadas y no pastoreadas. La explotación sostenible de estos ecosistemas para fines agrícolas desde hace más de 300 años y como pasto desde hace aproximadamente 80 años, ha mantenido su alta riqueza de especies. El abandono del pastoreo puede afectar negativamente a la diversidad de los pastizales, al haber sido una importante fuerza para el mantenimiento de ciertas especies. Se sugiere la promoción pública de esta actividad para asegurar su continuación con mínimos efectos...
Eighty carcasses of Canaria Hair breed (CHB) and Canaria breed (CB) were evaluated; 10 carcasses by sex, breed and slaughter weight (15.8 ± 0.66 kg and 24.9 ± 0.76 kg live weight, respectively). Breed effect was observed in measurements, fatness, commercial category and tissue composition of the carcass. CHB presented carcasses with more leg length and rump perimeter (but only in 25 kg lambs), heaviest shoulder and more muscle percentage. CB showed carcasses more fatness (8.18 ± 1.66 vs. 6.63 ± 1.46) and with more fat depth (3.90 ± 1.35 vs. 2.86 ± 1.15). CB increases its fatness faster because 16 kg lambs of CB showed similar values that 25 kg lambs of CHB (7.45 vs. 7.26, respectively). All carcass measurements, conformation, compactness indices and carcass fatness were affected by weight; 25 kg lambs showed higher values. Weight effect was also found in the tissue composition; 25 kg lambs showed more intermuscular fat (IF) percentage and less bone percentage. Sex effect was observed in first category joints, in total fat and IF; females showed higher percentages than males. In relation to carcass quality, we conclude that CB could be more commercially attractive in light carcasses because this breed increases its fatness faster and CHB more commercially attractive in heavy lambs.
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