No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Athletes often use contrast-water therapy as a recovery modality to reduce training fatigue. However, there is debate regarding the effectiveness of this practice, particularly when active and passive recovery regimens are more readily accessible. Fourteen male state-level hockey players participated in three experimental sessions involving two 30-s maximalintensity Wingate ergometer tests interspersed by a 12-min recovery period. Three different recovery protocols were assessed. Passive recovery involved sitting while active recovery comprised low-intensity cycling. Contrast-water therapy recovery involved three cycles of alternate immersion in heated (388C) and cool (158C) water for 3.5 min and 30 s respectively. Heart rate, blood lactate concentration, and ratings of fatigue were assessed immediately before (baseline) and after the first Wingate test, 3 min and 7 min into and at the end of the recovery period, and immediately after the second Wingate test. Blood pressure was assessed at baseline, immediately before recovery, and immediately after recovery. Heart rate remained elevated 3 min and 7 min into as well as after active recovery compared with both contrast-water therapy (P B0.001) and passive recovery (P B0.001), and was elevated 3 min into and after contrast-water therapy recovery compared with passive recovery (PB0.001). Blood lactate concentration was significantly lowered 7 min into and after active recovery (PB0.001) and contrast-water therapy (P B0.001) compared with passive recovery, but no significant difference was observed between active recovery and contrast-water therapy. Rating of fatigue was significantly lower for contrast-water therapy (PB0.001) compared with passive recovery and active recovery, the latter two being similar. However, no significant differences were found between the recovery modalities for any of the test or retest Wingate performance indices. Although contrast-water therapy offered similar benefits to well-established active recovery protocols, it also resulted in reduced ratings of fatigue and a faster return to baseline for some variables. Although restricted to a limited time frame, these findings reflect that the subtle effects from contrast-water therapy may translate to important practical differences that can influence the recovery choices of athletes, particularly when engaged in intense events/training where the recovery period is limited.

SUMMARYA RECENTLY excavated skeleton from an Anglo-Saxon burial ground in Kent exhibits a pathological right heel. The disorder is identified as a congenital talo-calcaneal bridge, a genetic anomaly which often results in "peroneal spastic flat foot". This 1,300-year-old specimen is presently the oldest reported for this disorder. SITE LOCATION AND DESCRIPTIONAn Anglo-Saxon cemetery at Updown in Kent, consisting of over 300 graves,' was this year partially threatened by construction work. A rescue excavation of thirty-six graves threatened by this development, was undertaken.This 1,300-year-old site2 is situated some 11.5 kilometres north-west of Dover on a prominent chalk hill beside the Roman road which runs from Dover to Richborough. The graves were orientated on an east-west axis and were well dug into the chalk substrata. The stratigraphy of each burial was relatively uncomplicated but several were disturbed by tree roots, or rodent activities. These factors, together with the permeable nature of the chalk, ensured that any surviving skeletal remains were extremely fragmentary.The profile of the population exhumed included sixteen males, thirteen females, and seven individuals of unknown sex.3 All age groups from infancy to post forty-five years were represented, and stature estimates were comparable to those from other nearby Anglo-Saxon populations.4.5 GENERAL PATHOLOGY Most of the pathology detected, such as hypoplasia, dental attrition, and vetebral osteoarthrosis, was typical for this period.6'7'8 However, Grave 12 produced the

A new professional netball competition in 2017 was part of a long-awaited boost for women’s sport in Australia. Netball has a significant footprint across the country, being the nation’s largest female participation team sport, and the national team is the reigning world champion. However, the sport has traditionally been underrepresented in both sports media and academic research. The new league was scheduled on free-to-air television after a landmark broadcast deal and the rise in media coverage reflected the growing commercial and public interest in female sport. As an example of this changing environment, it is important to examine what the coverage of women’s netball involves. This descriptive study utilises a content analysis to explore the newspaper sports reporting of the first season of the Super Netball League. Specifically, it measures the amount and tone of coverage, the types of stories and descriptions employed in articles, including mentions of men’s sport. Data have been collected from 703 articles from 15,335 stories in newspaper sports sections of nine national, metropolitan and regional publications. While newspaper coverage of netball was comparable with other sports in terms of professionalism and content, there was still only a small amount of stories.