The field work upon which the report is based formed a part of a detailed investigation of the geology and water resources of the island conducted by Mr. M. L. Fuller, chief of the eastern section of the division of hydrology, assisted by Mr. Veatch, to whom was given the immediate supervision of problems relating to underground waters.The paper deals with an area in which the problems relating to underground waters are of great importance, especially as they affect city and town supplies. Great interest is manifested in such waters throughout the area, and it is thought that the report, which is the result of unusually detailed work, will prove of great value to engineers and others who may be interested in public or private supplies from underground sources.A separate report, treating the geology of the island in more detail, has been prepared by Mr. Fuller and will soon be transmitted for publication.Very respectfully,
Gardiners Island, situated between the two eastern flukes of Long Island, presents many of the features shown on Nantucket, Marthas Vineyard, and Block Island. The succession is essentially the same and the correlation evident. It therefore forms a ready point of reference between Long Island, on the one hand, and the New England islands, on the other. The structure of the island can best be worked out on the northeast shore, where the bluffs are quite high and are kept clean by the constant encroachment of the sea. Here the succession of strata is: 4. Gravelly till (Wisconsin). 3. Interglacial clays and fossiliferous sands. 2. Glacial gravel and bowlders. I. Black lignitic clay and white and gray to red sand (Cretaceous). The first three beds are very much folded and the last one deposited irregularly on their eroded folds (Figs. I and 2). I. Cretaceous.-The older beds appear only in a few places where they have been brought up by folding. They are commonly black to dark gray clays and very fine sands with consid
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