On wet and windy days, the inclined cables of cable-stayed bridges may experience a large amplitude oscillation known as rain-wind-induced vibration (RWIV). It has previously been shown by in situ and wind-tunnel studies that the formation of rain-water accumulations or ‘rivulets’ at approximately the separation points of the external aerodynamic flow field and the resulting effect that these rivulets have on this field may be one of the primary mechanisms for RWIV. A numerical method has been developed to undertake simulations of certain aspects of RWIV, in particular, rivulet formation and evolution. Specifically a two-dimensional model for the evolution of a thin film of water on the outer surface of a horizontal circular cylinder subject to the pressure and shear forces that result from the external flow field is presented. Numerical simulations of the resulting evolution equation using a bespoke pseudo-spectral solver capture the formation of two-dimensional rivulets, the geometry, location and growth rate of which are all in good agreement with previous studies. Examinations of how the distribution and magnitude of aerodynamic loading and the Reynolds number influence the rivulet temporal evolution are undertaken, the results of which indicate that while all three affect the temporal evolution, the distribution of the loading has the greatest effect
Experience indicates that although pressure pillows provide useful accuracy for seasonal measurements of snow-water equivalent, there may be problems in providing accurate measurements of the variation in melt rates for short periods of time. Temperature and barometric variations affect the accuracy of measurements of melt rates but are predictable or small. However, unexplained diurnal variations were found to be significant during the snowmelt period. These diurnal fluctuations are large enough to cause significant error in measurements of the daily melt but not in the measurements of the seasonal accumulation. (Key words: Snow; instruments)
SUPPLEMENTARY REFERENCEEngman, E. T., Review of snow measuring instrumentation and evaluation of a pressure pillow snow measuring device, Proc. Eastern Snow Con/.,
. (2015) Numerical investigation of the coupled interaction between an unsteady aerodynamic flow field and a water film coating on a circular cylinder. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 54, There may be differences between this version and the published version. You are advised to consult the publisher's version if you wish to cite from it.http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/135676/
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