We have studied states in~5 0 between 10.91and 13.02-MeV excitation as resonances in thẽ 4N(p, y)~O and~4N(P, P'y) reactions. Several new states are reported, and the elastic, inelastic, and y-ray partial widths are given for some of the levels. The levels are compared with corresponding levels in the mirror nucleus N. Of particular interest are the 2' and &+, T =2 states which should lie in this region. The results imply more mixing of these states in 0 with nearby 7 =2 levels than is observed in N. However, most of the T=g strength in 0
Analysis of bud-site selection in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has helped to identify many genes that are generally important for eukaryotic cell polarization. Colony morphology screens were used to identify factors relevant to the process of bipolar budding in yeast. Mutants defective in bipolar budding were identified by virtue of their inability to grow as pseudohyphae in a haploid bud3 background. A mutant allele of the MYO2 gene, encoding a class-V unconventional myosin was identified that perturbs bipolar budding without affecting axial budding and without grossly affecting the role of Myo2p in secretion and maintenance of the actin cytoskeleton. Several genes were also identified whose products, when overexpressed, are capable of disrupting bipolar budding. Among these are the actin-monomer-binding protein profilin and the Aip3p/Bud6p-interacting protein Atc1p. The results strongly support involvement of the actin cytoskeleton in the establishment of bipolar budding and in the maintenance of pseudohyphal growth.
Sea-floor acoustic scattering strength measurements are useful for understanding the observed reverberation in active sonar systems and for estimating sea-floor bottom properties. Observed reverberation and resulting measured scattering strength frequently show a high degree of spatial and temporal variability. This variability may be observed on short, sample-to-sample, times scales from a single time series, or it may manifest itself as longer term variability of measurements made at a single location or over a survey area. Causal mechanisms for this variability include a dynamic fluctuating ocean media, multipath, complex bathymetry and the use of nonstationary sensors for making these measurements. The results presented in this paper leverage previous work by the Sonar Acoustic Boundary Loss Estimation (SABLE) project. Several examples of how this approach can be used to investigate variability in derivedLambert coefficients and scatter strengths are presented for a dataset constructed from sonar beam data obtained over a limited geographic area. These examples are illustrative of approaches that can potentially be developed as a means of quality control in processing of large datasets from non-research sonar systems.
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