Aims-To assess the occurrence of infantile colic in the community and the need for professional help; and to study the influences of potential determinants of infantile colic. Methods-Surveys were identified by a systematic search in Medline (1966-98) and Embase (1988-98). Retrieved publications were checked for references. Studies selected were community based, prospective, and retrospective surveys on the occurrence of infantile colic published in English, German, French, or Dutch. Occurrence rates were calculated as percentages. Methodological quality of the surveys was assessed by two assessors independently with a standardised criteria list containing items on method of data gathering, definition of colic, and drop out rate. Results-Fifteen community based surveys were identified. The methodological quality varied considerably and was generally low. Even the two most methodologically sound prospective studies yielded widely varying cumulative incidence rates of 5-19%. Referral rates or the need to seek help because of crying were consistently lower than occurrence rates for prolonged crying as such. Gender, socioeconomic class, type of feeding, family history of atopy, and parental smoking were not shown to be associated with colic. Conclusion-Occurrence rates of infantile colic vary greatly according to methodological quality. A considerable number of parents reporting prolonged crying do not seek or need professional help. (Arch Dis Child 2001;84:398-403)

This article describes the first patient with a deficiency of transaldolase (TALDO1 [E.C.2.2.1.2]). Clinically, the patient presented with liver cirrhosis and hepatosplenomegaly during early infancy. In urine and plasma, elevated concentrations of ribitol, D-arabitol, and erythritol were found. By incubating the patient's lymphoblasts and erythrocytes with ribose-5-phosphate and subsequently analyzing phosphate sugar metabolites, we discovered a deficiency of transaldolase. Sequence analysis of the transaldolase gene from this patient showed a homozygous deletion of 3 bp. This deletion results in absence of serine at position 171 of the transaldolase protein. This amino acid is invariable between species and is located in a conserved region, indicating its importance for enzyme activity. The detection of this new inborn error of pentose metabolism has implications for the diagnostic workup of liver problems of unknown etiology.

The multidisciplinary hunger provocation program seems to be a promising method to promote discontinuation of tube feeding in young children.

An extensively hydrolyzed whey formula is effective in reducing the duration of crying in a primary care setting.