The head-tail modes are described for the space charge tune shift significantly exceeding the synchrotron tune. A general equation for the modes is derived. The spatial shapes of the modes, their frequencies, and coherent growth rates are explored. The Landau damping rates are also found. The suppression of the transverse mode coupling instability by the space charge is explained.

We report on an experimental demonstration of electron cooling of high-energy antiprotons circulating in a storage ring. In our experiments, electron cooling, a well-established method at low energies (< 500 MeV/nucleon), was carried out in a new region of beam parameters, requiring a multi-MeV dc electron beam and an unusual beam transport line. In this letter we present the results of the longitudinal cooling force measurements and compare them with theoretical predictions.

Surface of detonation nanodiamonds was functionalized for the covalent attachment of immunoglobulin, and simultaneously bovine serum albumin and Rabbit Anti-Mouse Antibody. The nanodiamond-IgGI125 and RAM-nanodiamond-BSAI125 complexes are stable in blood serum and the immobilized proteins retain their biological activity. It was shown that the RAM-nanodiamond-BSAI125 complex is able to bind to the target antigen immobilized on the Sepharose 6B matrix through antibody–antigen interaction. The idea can be extended to use nanodiamonds as carriers for delivery of bioactive substances (i.e., drugs) to various targets in vivo.

In conventional low energy electron coolers, the electron beam is immersed in a continuous solenoid, which provides a calm and tightly focused beam in a cooling section. While suitable for low energies, the continuity of the accompanying magnetic field is hardly realizable at relativistic energies. We consider the possibility of using an extended solenoid in the gun and the cooling section only, applying lumped focusing for the rest of the electron transport line.

Nested head-tail is a Vlasov solver for transverse oscillations in multibunch beams. It takes into account azimuthal, radial, coupled-bunch, and beam-beam degrees of freedom affected by arbitrary dipole wakes, feedback damper,beam-beam effects and Landau damping.

Transverse beam stability is strongly affected by the beam space charge. Usually it is analyzed with the rigidbeam model. However this model is only valid when a bare (not affected by the space charge) tune spread is small compared to the space charge tune shift. This condition specifies a relatively small area of parameters which, however, is the most interesting for practical applications. The Landau damping rate and the beam Schottky spectra are computed assuming that validity condition is satisfied. The results are applied to a round Gaussian beam. The stability thresholds are described by simple fits for the cases of chromatic and octupole tune spreads.

Plasma wakefield acceleration is one of the main technologies being developed for future high-energy colliders. Potentially, it can create a cost-effective path to the highest possible energies for e þ e − or γ − γ colliders and produce a profound effect on the developments for high-energy physics. Acceleration in a blowout regime, where all plasma electrons are swept away from the axis, is presently considered to be the primary choice for beam acceleration. In this paper, we derive a universal efficiency-instability relation, between the power efficiency and the key instability parameter of the trailing bunch for beam acceleration in the blowout regime. We also show that the suppression of instability in the trailing bunch can be achieved through Balakin-Novokhatsky-Smirnov damping by the introduction of a beam energy variation along the bunch. Unfortunately, in the high-efficiency regime, the required energy variation is quite high and is not presently compatible with collider-quality beams. We would like to stress that the development of the instability imposes a fundamental limitation on the acceleration efficiency, and it is unclear how it could be overcome for high-luminosity linear colliders. With minor modifications, the considered limitation on the power efficiency is applicable to other types of acceleration.

Modern and future particle accelerators employ increasingly higher intensity and brighter beams of charged particles and become operationally limited by coherent beam instabilities. Usual methods to control the instabilities, such as octupole magnets, beam feedback dampers and use of chromatic effects, become less effective and insufficient. We show that, in contrast, Lorentz forces of a low-energy, a magnetically stabilized electron beam, or "electron lens", easily introduces transverse nonlinear focusing sufficient for Landau damping of transverse beam instabilities in accelerators. It is also important that, unlike other nonlinear elements, the electron lens provides the frequency spread mainly at the beam core, thus allowing much higher frequency spread without lifetime degradation. For the parameters of the Future Circular Collider, a single conventional electron lens a few meters long would provide stabilization superior to tens of thousands of superconducting octupole magnets.