IntroductionAnorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) take one of the first places in the risk of fatal outcome among eating disorders, have a tendency to chronicity and high suicidal risk. Psychopathological basis for AN and BN is a dysmorfofobia or a pathological dissatisfaction with one’s body, characterized by intrusive, overvalued or delusional ideas of physical disability. Dysmorfofobia affects the formation of affective pathology and reduces the life quality.ObjectivesThe study of the correlation between the degree of dissatisfaction with one’s bodies, affective disorders and life quality of patients with AN and BN.Methods130 female patients with AN and BN at the age of 13-44 years (the average age is 18). The disease duration from 6 months to 24 years. Validated Questionnaire image of one’s own body (QIOB) and the Scale of satisfaction with one’s body (SSOB); Hospital anxiety and depression scale (Zigmond A.); Questionnaire for the assessment of life quality (SF-36); Microsoft Excel standard correlation calculation.ResultsDissatisfaction with one’s body based on QIOB and SSOB tests has a significant positive correlation with anxiety and depression, a significant correlation with the psychological component of health, a weak correlation with the physical component of health.ConclusionsDissatisfaction with one’s body or dysmorfofobia of patients with AN and BN significantly affects their affective state and psychological component of life quality which leads to a decrease in functioning up to social maladaptation and disability to social maladjustment. The publication was prepared with the support of the “RUDN University Program 5-100”.
IntroductionAnorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are often accompanied by aggressive manifestations that undergo typical dynamics at different stages of the disease. The presence of aggressive phenomena in eating disorders can cause severe maladaptation of patients, cause difficulties in diagnosis, establishing compliance, and prevent the normalization of family relations.ObjectivesTo study the varieties of aggressive manifestations and their changes in the treatment of anorexia nervosa and bulimia.MethodsPsychopathological, anamnestic, psychological.ResultsThe most pronounced aggressive symptoms in typical anorexia nervosa are verbal and physical aggression against relatives and close people; feeding younger siblings, parents; threats and suppression of the opinion of relatives in relation to patients. The above aggressive statements and actions occur at the stage of correction and in the initial period of the stage of exhaustion. With deep exhaustion (pronounced cachexia) and in the process of food rehabilitation, aggressive behavior is significantly reduced. In the future, there is criticism of their own aggressive symptoms. In bulimia nervosa, only verbal aggression toward loved ones is noted, especially when they interfere with purifying behavior and massive compulsive overeating. The degree of aggression in bulimia nervosa is significantly less.ConclusionsAggressive manifestations in eating disorders depend on the stage of the disease, the degree of exhaustion and undergo reverse development in the course of therapy. Aggressive phenomena in eating disorders have a significant impact on the clinic, dynamics, outcomes of diseases and the effectiveness of treatment tactics.Conflict of interestNo significant relationships.
Anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are manifested by cognitive, emotional and behavioral symptoms that disrupt the process of eating. They manifest in childhood, adolescence with a conscious restriction in food, and sometimes with a complete rejection of it, in order to correct imaginary fullness or sharply overestimated increased body weight. The psychopathological basis of AN and BN is the syndrome of dysmorphophobia or dysmorphomania, which is accompanied by a depressed mood, careful masking of both their experiences and body features, the desire to correct an imaginary defect in any way. The aim of the study was research pathological dissatisfaction with one»s own appearance and to evaluate the diagnostic capabilities of questionnaires to determine the degree of dissatisfaction with one»s own body and their impact on the affective state and quality of life of patients. Methods used in the study: clinical and psychopathological with anamnestic information from patients and their relatives and catamnestic observation data and psychometric. A study of 130 female patients with AN and BN aged 13 to 44 years showed the presence of symptoms characteristic of dysmorphophobic disorders in an absolutely overwhelming number of patients either in anamnesis or in the current mental state, as well as the degree of its influence on the affective state and quality of life. Dysmorphophobic disorders are axial in typical eating disorders — anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. The absence of obvious dysmorphophobic or dysmorphomanic symptoms makes it possible to distinguish atypical variants from typical cases of AN and BN, as well as to identify other eating disorders and eating behavior, followed by the use of individual forms of therapy. The study indicates the prevalence, severity, persistence of dysmorphophobic symptoms and its role in the manifestation, dynamics and outcomes in typical variants of eating disorders.
ГБоу вПо «российский университет дружбы народов», москва; ГБуЗ «московская городская психиатрическая больница №14», москва Ключевые слова: нервная анорексия, расстройства приема пищи, медицинские работники.
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