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The aim of this work was to study meat quality and fatty acid profiles in the longissimus muscle from Criollo Cordobes (CC) suckling kids, and to determine the effect of sex and age/weight at slaughter on these characteristics. Forty suckling kids, 20 intact males and 20 females, were randomly assigned to two groups: I (60 ± 2 days old and live weight ≤ 11 kg) and II (90 ± 3 days old and live weight > 11 kg). Sex had a significant influence on meat colour, WarnerBratzler shear force, cooking losses, water holding capacity and intramuscular fat content, while the age/weight had a significant influence on cholesterol and tenderness. The main fatty acids identified from the intramuscular fat were oleic (30.1-32.6%), palmitic (19.6-21.0%) and stearic (13.5-16.3%). Levels of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid ranged from 40.1% to 41.9% and from 57.6% to 59.1%, respectively. Meat from CC kids is pale red, tender, juicy and the intensity of flavour and aroma were medium-high.Additional key words: fatty acid, goat meat, sensory analysis, suckling. ResumenCalidad de la carne de cabritos lactantes de raza Criollo Cordobés. Efecto del sexo y edad/peso al sacrificio El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar la calidad de la carne y el perfil de ácidos grasos del m. longissimus de cabritos lactantes Criollo Cordobés, y el efecto del sexo y edad/peso al sacrificio en estas características. Cuarenta cabritos (20 machos y 20 hembras) fueron asignados al azar a dos grupos: I (60 ± 2 días de edad y peso vivo ≤ 11 kg) y II (90 ± 3 días de edad y peso vivo > 11 kg). El sexo influyó significativamente en el color, terneza instrumental, capacidad de retención de agua y pérdidas por cocinado de la carne y en la cantidad de grasa intramuscular del m. longissimus, mientras que la edad/peso al sacrificio influyó significativamente en el contenido en colesterol y en la terneza de la carne. Los ácidos grasos mas abundantes identificados en la grasa intramuscular fueron el oleico (30,1-32,6%), el palmítico (19,6-21,0%) y el esteárico (13,5-16,3%). El contenido en ácidos grasos saturados e insaturados se situó entre el 40,1% y el 41,95% y desde el 57,6% al 59,1%, respectivamente. La carne de los cabritos Criollo Cordobés era tierna, jugosa y de color rosa claro, y su aroma y flavor fueron de intensidad media-alta.Palabras clave adicionales: ácidos grasos, análisis instrumental y sensorial, carne de cabrito lechal.

Little is known about the fatty acid

Some alleles of milk protein loci are associated with superior cheese production characteristics. The genetic polymorphism of the milk protein loci alphas1-casein, beta-casein, k-casein and beta-lactoglobulin was examined in Argentinian Holstein cattle. Samples from 12 herds of four regions of Córdoba were analyzed by starch gel electrophoresis. The chi² test was used to assess whether the populations were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Genotypic diversity was analyzed by the Shannon-Weaver index. The observed genotypic frequencies were analyzed by Hedrick's genetic identity and the genetic distance of Balakrishnan and Sanghvi. The allelic and genotypic frequencies were similar to those of other Holstein populations. The genotypic frequencies of the alphas1-casein and beta-casein loci were in equilibrium, whereas in some populations the k-casein and beta-lactoglobulin loci were not. According to the Shannon-Weaver index the total genetic diversity within each herd was greater than 96%. The high values of identity agreed with the low genetic distances among populations. We conclude that there is extensive genetic homogeneity in Holstein cattle in Córdoba Province and that it would be feasible to select for B alleles at the k-casein and b-lactoglobulin loci in order to improve the quality of milk available for cheese manufacturing.

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To determine the genetic variability and population structure of the β-lactoglobulin (LGB) locus in the Argentinian Holstein breed, milk samples from 12 herds at four locations in Córdoba, Argentina, were analysed. Allelic and genotypic frequencies of LGB variants were compared by contingency tables. A G-test was applied to detect Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. LGB A allele frequency was 0·43 and B allele frequency was 0·57. Allelic and genotypic frequencies indicated great homogeneity among populations. Most of the populations were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. According to the fixation index, populations were panmictics. The partition of the F-statistic demonstrated that mating was at random, although there was a slight excess of heterozygotes, and there were no genetic differences among populations. The Shannon–Weaver index showed that more than 96% of the total genetic diversity for this locus is attributable to the differences within each herd. The diversity among herds within locations and among locations accounted for <4% of the total variation. Phenograms obtained by the Nei procedure for genetic distances disclosed the separation of the herds into two groups, one with an average frequency of LGB B of 0·61 and the other with an LGB B frequency of 0·53. Locations defined two clusters, but the divergence among populations was not important. These results indicated that the Argentinian Holstein breed from Córdoba constitutes one population.

Se estudiaron las características de la canal de cabritos lactantes de las razas Criollo Cordobés y Anglo Nubiana, utilizando 20 machos de cada raza. Los animales se sacrificaron a dos edades: 60±2 días (grupo I) y 90±3 días (grupo II). Los rendimientos canal y el grado de engrasamiento fueron superiores en Anglo Nubiana. La raza y la edad al sacrificio tuvieron un efecto significativo en la valoración subjetiva, en las medidas e índices de la canal y en el quinto cuarto.