The Wełnowiec municipal dump, Katowice, Poland, rehabilitated with coal waste, is self-heating and igniting. This paper presents a novel application of the use of electrical-and resistivity geophysical methods in the investigation of burning coal waste to help explain why the heating occurred. Geoelectrical methods allowed the internal structure of the dump to be revealed, and the municipal wastes and their rehabilitation cover containing coal waste to be differentiated. Instead of a planned 2.2-m-thick multi-barrier system, the cover consists of irregularly distributed material of varying thickness (< 1 to 8 m) and organic carbon content (> 5%). This caused the fire to arise 3-4 years after the coal waste deposition. In areas where the rehabilitation layer is < 3 m thick, a landslide enabled oxygen access, initiating self-heating. Changes in conductivity clearly identify sites of active burning where measured conductivity values are more than twice those for parts of the dump with no thermal activity. Field observations in particular, complemented to a degree by petrographic, mineralogical and geochemical data, enabled four types of heating zones to be distinguished, namely, (1) initial zones of fire overtaking new volumes of coal waste, (2) active zones with temperatures < 400-500°C in exhalation vents, (3) overburned zones characterized by long-lasting high temperatures (800-900°C) and (4) short-lived zones, ephemeral (< 1-2 months) with temperatures between 70 and 100°C. The geophysical methods applied could not distinguish between these zones. The combined results strongly suggest that the use of coal waste as a remediation layer covering waste dumps should be prohibited. Coal waste which, by its nature, is too prone to unpredictable self-heating and self-ignition with the potential environmental consequences that follow. water (rain); these are pyrolytic or/and hydropyrolytic processes (Fabiańska et al., 2013; Misz-Kennan and Fabiańska, 2011). Factors that influence the self-heating process can be classified as internal and external. Internal factors relate to coal-waste composition and condition, e.g., of mineral matter (contents of quartz, feldspars, clay minerals, carbonates, and sulphides) and coal-bearing rocks (maceral composition, especially of oxidation-prone vitrinite), coal rank, moisture content, granulation, and degree of weathering. External factors include dump shape and height, convection related to atmospheric conditions, i.e., wind and rain, insolation and grain segregation (Krishnaswamy et al., 1996a, 1996b; Kaymakçi and Didari, 2002). Self-heating and self-ignition of coal waste can be triggered spontaneously within a dump. If preventative measures are not taken, or the
Analysis of the top-soil total content of heavy metals was carried out inthe vicinity of large copper ore tailings pound in the south-western Poland with regard to soil properties, direction and distance from the tailings pound. None of the soils under study ex-ceeded the limits admitted in the official standards for soil quality, but the assessment made in accordance with IUNG-guidelines to soil contamination determination showed that more than half of the monitoring sites have elevated metal content, Cu, in par-ticular. The results confirmed high effectiveness of dust control preventing its eolian spread from the tailings pound.
<p><span>Celem artykułu jest wykazanie podobieństwa między modelem podmiotowości wyłaniającym się z teorii tożsamości narracyjnej Paula Ricoeura, a tym implikowanym przez niektóre spośród psychoanalitycznych koncepcji narcyzmu. Przedstawione są poglądy Paula Ricoeura na temat dialektycznego charakteru relacji między kształtującą tożsamość jednostki narracją a przeżywaną rzeczywistością. W ramach koncepcji Ricoeura opowieść zarówno uwikłana jest w przednarracyjne życie, jak i je przekształca, nadając mu sens. Tak rozumiana opowieść stanowi mechanizm obronny chroniący jednostkowość przed obezwładniającą rzeczywistością, co zbliża ją do opisywanego przez psychoanalizę narcyzmu. Zaprezentowane zostają również wybrane koncepcje narcyzmu (Freud, Klein, Winnicott); zostaje wykazane, że narcyzm, podobnie jak narracja, opiera się na dialektycznej relacji między odzwierciedlaniem i przekształcaniem, uwikłaniem i autonomią, niespójnością i spójnością. Artykuł zamyka prezentacja poglądów Julii Kristevej, która przyznaje narcyzmowi inherentnie narracyjny charakter.</span></p>
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