Since the beginning of the COVID-19 epidemic, the European cystic fibrosis society (ECFS) has decided to launch a special ECFS-COVID-19 program to collect information on the of COVID-19 characteristics in the patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). The results of the program should help timely and efficiently provide the patients with CF with the necessary care. Initially, it was assumed that COVID-19 would be severe in CF patients. The aim. Тo assess the prevalence and characteristics of COVID-19 in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) in the Russian Federation (RF). Methods. 6 cases (4 children and 2 adults) of COVID-19 in Russian CF patients were analyzed. Results. There are 405,843 infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Russia, the incidence of coronavirus infection in Russia was 1.4 cases per 1 thousand people. According to the Ministry of Health of the RF, as of December 2019, there were 3,931 patients with CF (2,823 children and 1,108 adults). The incidence of COVID-19 was 1.5 per 1000 patients with CF (1.4 : 1,000 for children and 1.8 : 1,000 for adults). The incidence was not higher than in the General population. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was confirmed in 4 boys and 2 women, 3 of the patients were infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 2 – with Achromobacter spp. Mild disease was seen in 5 patients including all the children. Pneumonia was registered in 3 patients. One child with COVID-19 had abdominal syndrome. 2 patients – 1 adult and 1 child – needed in-patient care. Additional antibiotics were given to 4 patients, 2 of them received i/v antibiotics. One adult patient was on the lung transplantation waiting list. This woman had long-term oxygen therapy and BiPAP noninvasive respiratory support before the infection with SARS-CoV-2, FEV1 was 24 %pred. Conclusion. Despite the fact that patients with CF are at risk of severe COVID-19, to date, in the described cases, COVID-19 infection has not led to a significant deterioration of the symptoms of CF. Not a single fatal outcome in Russian patients with CF has been recorded.
Purpose: to identify the features of COVID-19 infection in children at different periods of the epidemiological rise in the incidence in the city of Moscow.Results. The article presents the observation of 1561 children hospitalized in the State Medical Institution «Children's City Clinical Hospital named after Z. A. Bash-lyaeva DZM» with a diagnosis of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19 during the periods of epidemiological rises in morbidity («2nd and 3rd waves of COVID-19»). An increase in the number of hospitalized children during the «3rd wave of COVID-19», early admission dates from the onset of the disease, due to the lack of treatment effect in outpatient settings, the predominance of school-age children and adolescents, the predominant course of infection with the development of viral pneumonia CT2-3, less often CT3-4, a 10-fold reduction in the number of children with MIS-syndrome, an elongation of the period of viral release in patients.
COVID-19 у детей с бронхиальной астмой: клинические проявления, варианты течения, подходы к терапии 1 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет), 119991, г. Москва, Российская Федерация 2 Государственное бюджетное учреждение «Детский бронхолегочный санаторий № 15 Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы», 117647, г. Москва, Российская Федерация 3 Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Московской области «Детский клинический многопрофильный центр Московской области», 141009, г. Мытищи, Российская Федерация Резюме Введение. Бронхиальная астма (БА) -одно из самых распространенных хронических заболеваний легких у детей. В начале пандемии COVID-19 БА, как и другие заболевания легких, считалась фактором риска тяжелого течения COVID-19.Цель исследования -анализ основных клинических проявлений COVID-19 у детей с БА.Материал и методы. Проведено анкетирование 500 детей с БА, наблюдавшихся в пульмонологическом отделении УДКБ Сеченовского Университета с января 2020 г. по январь 2021 г., из которых COVID-19 болели 3 % (15 детей). Кроме того, проанализирована клиническая картина COVID-19 у 75 детей с БА и 53 детей без БА, наблюдавшихся амбулаторно и в пульмонологическом санатории № 15 ДЗ г. Москвы.Результаты. Показано, что симптомы COVID-19 могут быть схожи с симптомами обострения астмы и проявляться сухим кашлем, одышкой и повышением температуры, которое может наблюдаться и при обострениях астмы на фоне респираторной инфекции любого генеза.Заключение. На основании фактического клинического материала было показано, что новая коронавирусная инфекция протекает у детей легче, а у пациентов с БА среди заболевших -с менее выраженными клиническими симптомами.
П андемия новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19-болезни, вызванной вирусом SARS-CoV-2,-стала глобальной медицинской и эко-номической катастрофой в масштабах, не наблюдавшихся за последние 100 лет [1]. Несмотря на множество проблем, существующих во взрослом © Коллектив авторов, 2020 Адрес для корреспонденции: Мазанкова Людмила Николаевна-д.м.н., проф., зав. кафедрой детских инфекционных болезней Российской медицинской академии непрерывного профессионального образования,
Bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous disease that requires identification of its phenotype and a personalized approach to therapy. At the same time, despite a wide range of therapeutic options, many patients with asthma cannot achieve control over the disease.Methodology. The target audience of these clinical recommendations are general practitioners, therapists, pediatricians, allergologists-immunologists, pulmonologists, and functional diagnostics doctors. Each thesis-recommendation about diagnostic and therapeutic procedures has been scored according to the scales of classes of recommendations from 1 to 5 and A, B, C scale of the levels of evidence. The clinical recommendations also contain comments and explanations to the theses, algorithms for the diagnosis and treatment of bronchial asthma, and reference materials.Conclusion. The presented clinical guidelines cover current information about the etiology and pathogenesis, classification, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of bronchial asthma. These guidelines were approved by the Scientific and Practical Council of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation in 2021.
In June 2022, within the XI International Educational Consensus on Respiratory Medicine in Pediatrics, an expert council on the anti-inflammatory agent ammonium glycyrrhizinate in treating acute respiratory infections and allergic diseases of the respiratory tract was held in Vladimir. The resolution of the Expert Council is presented. Based on these studies, experts recommend the use of ammonium glycyrrhizinate in patients with acute respiratory tract infection (including COVID-19); in the rehabilitation period of patients who recovered from the new coronavirus infection with lung involvement; patients with recurrent obstructive bronchitis, including those at high risk of bronchial asthma; patients with allergic rhinitis; patients with mild to moderate asthma.
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare hereditary disease from the group of ciliopathies, which is based on a defect in the cilia ultrastructure of the respiratory epithelium and similar structures (sperm flagella, villi of the fallopian tubes, ventricular ependyma, etc.), leading to motor function impairment. The prevalence of the disease varies significantly around the world and is not known reliably in the Russian Federation.The aim of the review was to analyze literature data on modern approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of PCD.Methodology. The data of 90 articles and the opinions of experts providing care to patients with PCD were used.Results. The classic manifestations of PCD depend on age. The leading manifestations of the disease in patients with PCD are recurrent inflammatory diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract (bronchitis, pneumonia), with the formation of bronchiectasis, damage to the ENT organs (chronic rhinitis, rhinosinusitis, nasal polyposis, repeated otitis media, progressive hearing loss). Currently, there is no single method which could serve as a “gold” standard for diagnosing PCD. The diagnosis of PCD is based on the characteristic clinical picture in combination with the results of special tests (nitric oxide in exhaled air, DNA diagnostics, high-speed video microscopy, transmission electron microscopy). The genetic diagnostics has not been developed sufficiently in the global practice yet and is unavailable in our country. The approach to the treatment of a patient with PCD should be multidisciplinary due to multiple organ lesions. According to the European consensus, the goal of PCD therapy is to restore or maintain normal lung function. There have been no randomized trials of treatment for PCD, and therefore all treatment recommendations are based on very low-level evidence or extrapolated from cystic fibrosis guidelines. Recommendations on mucolytic, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory therapy of PCD are given with consideration for the international and domestic experience.Conclusion. The development of a new version of clinical guidelines containing up-to-date relevant information will improve the diagnosis and treatment of PCD in the Russian Federation.
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