At the Department of Mining Machines and the Kuzbass Polytechnic Institute in [1969][1970][1971][1972][1973], work has been going on to investigate the process of coal cutting with dlsk-type cutting heads on shallow-cut cutter-loaders.Our researches revealed that cutter-loaders with disk-type cutters have markedly improved operational indices [i, 2]. Thus when coal is cut by disk cutters (in comparison with the radial picks used in present cutter-loaders), the energy consumption of the coal-cutting process is reduced by 25-30%, the yield of coarse classes (over 25 mm) is increased by 18-20%, and the amount of dust is reduced by a factor of 2-2.5 [3]. The stability of disk cutters is better than that of radial cutters.The constitution, geometrical parameters, and operational characteristics of disk cutters are quite different from those of ordinary cutters (picks).The coal-cutting process of this type of cutter has not been investigated, so that it is not possible to make design calculations for cutting heads with them.In this article we give the results of an investigation which will enable us to calculate the forces acting on a single disk cutter and consequently to design the cutting head as a whole.The process of cutting coal by a disk was investigated in the laboratory on a special t~st rig shown in Fig. i. The rig consists of a frame 1 with a lateral carriage 2 and a longitudinal carriage 3 which can be moved by means of screws 4 and 5 in guides on the frame and lateral carriage.The longitudinal carriage has a frame 6 in which is fixed a coal block 7, 1500 • 800 • 800 mm in size.On vertical frame 8 there is mounted an oil unit 9 and a hydraulic ram cylinder i0. To the head of the piston is fixed a three-component tensodynamometer ii in which is fixed the test disk cutter 12. The design of the dynamometer, which has special measuring arms 13, 14, 15 to which are cemented ohmic resistance transducers, permits registration of the turning (cutting) force and feed thrust on the cutter by means of an electrotensometric apparatus.Movement of the coal block on the frame in two directions relative to the trajectory of the disk cutter under the influence of the hydraulic ram cylinder enables us to obtain the depth and spacing of the cut.To investigate the cutting of coals with various mechanical properties we used disk cutters with various geometrical parameters and cutting parameters. Similar experiments were repeated several (8-12 or more) times, and the results were processed statistically.KuzPi, Kemerovo.
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