The management of the patella during total knee replacement is controversial. In some studies the absence of patellar resurfacing results in residual anterior knee pain in over 10% of patients. One form of treatment which may be used in an endeavour to reduce this is circumferential patellar rim electrocautery. This is believed to partially denervate the patella. However, there is no evidence of the efficacy of this procedure, nor do we know if it results in harm. A retrospective comparative cohort study was performed of 192 patients who had undergone a primary total knee replacement with the porous coated Low Contact Stress rotating platform prosthesis without patellar resurfacing between 2003 and 2007. In 98 patients circumferential electrocautery of the patellar rim was performed and in 94 patients it was not. The two groups were matched for gender and age. The general Oxford Knee Score and the more specific patellar score for anterior knee pain were used to assess patient outcomes a minimum of two years post-operatively. No statistically significant differences were noted between the groups for either scoring system (p = 0.41 and p = 0.87, respectively). Electrocautery of the patella rim did not improve the outcome scores after primary total knee replacement in our patients.

Our experience corroborates the advantages of Memory staples as described in the literature, including good approximation of bone fragments, technically easy application with fewer steps than an AO-applied screw, and an adequate source of internal fixation to achieve metatarsophalangeal joint fusion. There is also a suggestion that the time to achieve fusion is shorter.

The anterior pelvic plane (APP) is a useful anatomical reference with both clinical and research applications in orthopedic surgery and rehabilitation medicine. It is used as a marker for computer-assisted total hip replacement and image-guided assessment of the hip center in clinical gait analysis. Despite its common use, no published data exist on the variations in height and width in an adult population. The aim of this study was to determine the range of dimensions for the anterior pelvic plane found in the Scottish adult population. Thirty-five human cadavers and 100 pelvic computed tomography (CT) scans were examined. Pelvic height and width were measured, and the ratios were determined. The mean width and height for combined cadaver and CT pelves were found to be 238.0 mm (SD 20.1, range 188.3-273.8) and 92.7 mm (SD 10.5, range 71.2-114.7), respectively. The mean width-to-height ratio for all pelves was 2.59 (SD 0.31, range 1.73-3.50). There were no statistically significant differences in means between males and females. The variations of APP dimensions within an adult population are presented. These will be of value in the validation of algorithms for computer navigation and hip joint center calculation in total hip arthroplasty and gait analysis. Furthermore, differences in dimensions between cadaveric and CT measurements have been shown which may have implications for further research and the validity of reference data dependent on data-point acquisition. Clin. Anat. 31:981-987, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

The need to clean-up heavy metal contaminated environment can not be over emphasized.This paper describes the adsorption isotherm studies of Cd (II), Pb (II) and Zn (II) ions from aqueoussolution using unmodified and EDTA-modified maize cob. Maize cob was found to be an excellentadsorbent for the removal of these metal ions. The amount of metal ions adsorbed increased as the ini-tial concentration increased. Also, EDTA - modification enhanced the adsorption capacity of maize cobprobably due to the chelating ability of EDTA. Among the three adsorption isotherm tested, Dubinin-Radushkevich gave the best fit with R 2 value ranging from 0.9539 to 0.9973 and an average value of0.9819. This is followed by Freundlich isotherm (Ave. 0.9783) and then the Langmuir isotherm (Ave.0.7637). The sorption process was found to be a physiosorption process as seen from the apparent ener-gy of adsorption which ranged from 2.05KJ\mol to 4.56KJ\mol. Therefore, this study demonstrates thatmaize cob which is an environmental pollutant could be used to adsorb heavy metals and achievecleanliness thereby abating environmental nuisance caused by the maize cob.

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