Knovenagel reaction of barbituric acid with different aldehydes were used to synthesize new barbiturates.This is a novel method which can be used to synthsis various types of new generation of barbiturates which are different from the previously reported.
Teucrium polium is a dwarf sub-shrub usually 30-60 cm high with many branches, which is fairly distributed throughout Iran, with its flowering being season mainly from April to July. The plant was collected during its flowering season in Baghmalek region in the North-East of Khuzestan province, Iran. After the identification of the genus, species and variety of the plant, the dried whole plant (flowers, fruits and the leaves) was steam distilled with different methods. The isolated essential oil was dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate and stored at 4-6 ℃. Analysis of the essential oil was carried out by GC-MS technique. At least 10 major components were identified (3-carene/α-pinene, β-phellandrene, limonene, germacrene, β-bourbonene, β-caryophylene, γ-muurolene, γ-elemene, spathulenol, β-eudesmol) (totally 97.02%). Also, successive TLC and column chromatography of the essential oil resulted in the separation of four fractions. Based upon 1 H NMR, IR and mass spectra, the fractions with R f =0.12 and 0.93 were determined as guaiol and a mixture of α-pinene, β-phellandrene and limonene, respectively.
Penicillin has been the most widely used antibiotic for many grampositive bacterial infections. In this research the purity of the standard active ingredients of the various dosage forms of three penicillins (Amoxicillin, Cloxacillin and Ampicillin) imported and the purity percentage of the active ingredients in each of the various dosage forms of these drugs manufactured by several pharmaceutical companies of Iran (Kosar, Farabi and Jaber Ibn Hayan) were investigated and determined by HPLC technique. The analyses were made by using a Knauer (Germany) Spherimage-80, ODS, 2-5 µm C 18 column with 30 cm length, and i.d. 4.5 mm. A 20 µL solution from each individual sample and the standard solution were injected separately onto the column of an HPLC instrument which was equipped with ECW 2000 software of Knauer, Germany. The results obtained in this research have shown that the purity percentage of the active ingredients of the standard powder and the various dosage forms of all the drugs used, were 100%.
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