Organic waste results as a high impact as inorganic material to our environment which rise the alert to manage them seriously. Accordingly, this paper discusses the significance of organic waste-based material from the coffee powder utilized as the 5% cement replacement in concrete. Ultimately, the temperature variation of the muffle furnace to derive into coffee grounds husk ash is investigated chemically and mechanically to the compressive strength of concrete. Furnace temperature variation was set from 600°C up to 750°C for 2 hours which disclosed dominant potassium oxide. Else, some chemical components as found in cement was present except silicon oxide which predominantly appears in cement to increase concrete strength. However, the chemical reaction between coffee grounds ash, cement and other matrices in concrete mixture generated better compressive performance in accordance with the furnace temperature of 750°C climb reaching over 40 MPa which was above the targeted control sample. Even though the reactivity of the mixture was not detail observed, the coffee grounds ash obtained from 750°C furnace process was eligible as cement replacement in the concrete mixture for normal concrete design.
The utilization of slag as cement replacement has been widely developed for the concrete mixture. It is shown by the increment of the concrete performance even though unique characteristics during the cement-slag reaction were present. Slag is the waste of the steel industry which has various qualities. Unfortunately, this type of waste is not well identified in past research as supplementary material for the concrete. This paper will study the best proportion of slag cement as supplementary material in concrete for the special use of the rigid pavement. Solely, the mix design criteria for the experiment is not available yet so that preliminary experiment both physical and chemical are investigated for the special purpose of the target of minimum high strength concrete of 35 MPa. The chemical substances of two main oxides of sodium and potassium from ordinary Portland cement is essential to see the alkali activity that leads to the strength quality of the concrete specimen. Otherwise, the consideration of water-cement ratio must be relevant to the quality of concrete matrices.
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