Salvadora persica (kharijal) is a large, well-branched, and evergreen shrub or a tree resembling Salvadora oleoides (meethijal) found in the dry and arid regions of India. Chewing sticks have been used for centuries for tooth cleaning, and are recommended by the World Health Organization in areas where their use is customary. Salvadora persica has enormous reported activities. It has potential medicinal and research activities. Salvadora persica is a promising product and is useful to produce antiplaque, analgesic, anticonvulsant, antibacterial, antimycotic, cytotoxic, antifertility, deobstruent, carminative, diuretic, astringent, and also used in biliousness, and rheumatism. This review highlights the pharmacologic effects and therapeutic effects of Salvadora persica. The chemical constituents present in different parts of the plant are also discussed.
To control the population explosion in the world, new methods of contraception involving men is an attractive alternative. Since ancient times, plants and plant based products have been used as a valuable and safe natural source of medicines for treating various ailments. India possesses a vast reserve of medicinal plants which have been used extensively in the treatment of various diseases. The reversibility of antifertility effects of plants and its active components, play a major role in development of male contraceptive agents. The present review attempts to discuss medicinal effects of plant derived products on male reproductive system.
Ayurveda is an ancient science of life deals with the preventive as well as curative aspect. It explains human body as a ‘congenial homeostasis’ of doṣa, dhatuand mala. The function of dhatu is dharaṇa (maintain the structure) of the sharira (body). Among the dhatu, asthidhatu is responsible for maintenance of structural frame work of the body. It gives shape to the body and protects the vital organs. Concept of osteoporosis has explained under 18 types of kṣhaya by Acharya Carakain sutra sthan kiyantahshirasiya adhyaya. Asthikṣhaya pathogenesis can be explained in many ways in Ayurveda. According to the principles of ashrayaashrayibhava, asthidhatu is the seat of vata doṣa and inversely related to each other. Increase of vata is the main factor responsible for asthikṣhaya. Acharya Caraka has opined increase of vata may follow two patterns; one is from margavaraṇa and another is from dhatukṣhaya which can further lead to asthikṣhaya. Osteoporosis or porous bone is a global problem characterized by low bone mass and structural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to bone fragility and an increased risk of fractures of the hip, spine and wrist. Men as well as women are affected by osteoporosis but females are at higher risk. This risk even increases at the time of menopause, which is the period of hormonal imbalance. Treatment available in modern science is mainly symptomatic and not devoid of adverse effects. Ayurveda treatment visualizes the human body as a single unit and this approach has opened many innovative approaches for treatment. On this background present study was taken to analyze the fundamental concept of asthikshaya and to find out single herbs beneficial for it. Drugs from classical texts along with commonly used in practice have been analyzed in context of asthikshaya. Study reveals that drugs like guduchi, ashwagandha, prishnaparni, samanga, vacha etc. possess kaphavatashamak properties which helps in breaking the pathogenesis by clearing and nourishing the srotas (channels). Drugs like madhuyasti, priyangu, vidarikanda, shatavari etc. have vatapittashamak, balya (tonic), brimhan (nourishing) properties works directly on dhatukshaya.
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