During the analysis, the data obtained from the wheelset registers stored at production and technical departments of the electric depot and kept by engineers-technologists in wheel economy were considered and analyzed. To analyze the data, methodology for calculating durability indicators was used. On the basis of the analysis, the dependences on the operating time of the average value and standard deviation, the resource distribution function and the wheel diameter distribution density function are constructed. These units have the greatest impact on the safety of train traffic and therefore it is extremely important to constantly assess the condition of these components. The knowledge of these data contributes to improvement of repair technology and correct organization of the planned preventive repair system. Such a study makes it possible to improve the safety of the transportation process by carefully monitoring the most vulnerable spots of the rolling stock. This reveals the prefailure condition before its occurrence. The results of the study can be used as the basis for adjusting the current structure of the repair cycle in terms of changing the repair runs. Having the idea of changes in the stock of parts or components, it is possible to identify in advance possible problems associated with operation of the rolling stock, to provide the necessary stock of parts and equipment necessary for the upcoming scheduled repairs [1].
Background. This article presents the composition and algorithm of the automated control system for the parameters of a pneumatic arch-breaking system installed on bunkers with bulk materials. The relevance and practical significance of the issue considered in the article is determined by the fact that when unloading bulk material from the hopper, various violations of the technological process may occur, manifested in the formation of material freezes inside the container, a decrease in the amount of unloaded material, segregation, up to a complete stop of unloading due to the formation of arches. Materials and/or methods. Methods of mathematical modeling, system analysis, comparison, systems theory, as well as architecture and mathematical model of a recurrent neural network with feedback are used. Results. The composition of input and output parameters of the control system is substantiated. Methods for solving problems of classifying parameter sets are considered and an artificial recurrent neural network with feedback and with a sigmoidal activation function of neurons of the hidden layer and a linear activation function of the output layer is selected. Conclusion. The article analyzes the requirements for the system of automated control of the parameters of the pneumatic arch-breaking system. Based on the analysis of possible states of the system, the composition of the system elements and the sets of input, intermediate and output parameters of the system, as well as the objective function of the system operation, are substantiated. It is shown that the system can be built on the basis of an artificial neural network. The algorithm of the automated control system for the parameters of the pneumatic arch-breaking system has been developed.
The article focuses on monitoring of wheelset binding bands condition of electric locomotives with rotary-field traction motors and, since it is a very important factor in reliability of the electric locomotive by and large, the obtained decisions are based on its results. In analysis there were examined wheelset defects of common occurrence and their natural wear during exploitation. The electric rolling stock works under complicated conditions which affect the nature of wear and electric and mechanical equipment damage. One of the main tasks is to ensure reliable operation of different machinery, as failures on track disorder the traffic schedule, distort the transportation rhythm, leading to considerable loss of throughput capacity of sections, which also reduces movement safety and results in great economic losses. Reliability evaluation is a set of measures aimed at monitoring of condition of electric locomotives, which is based on real operational particulars. By virtue of these particulars one can see an ultimately complete picture, analyze it and correct the structure of repair cycle of electric locomotive particulars. The article accentuates the analysis of risks, related to probable defects, unexpectedly high wear out, incorrect choice of repair cycle structure, ways and tools of reliability evaluation, incorrect statutory, results of incorrect measurement.
The article deals with the analysis of reliability of the equipment of 2ES10 electric locomotives with asynchronous traction motors as a complex system and equipment failures that are often encountered during operation. All submitted failures are divided by type of equipment. Based on the Pareto analysis, the main limiting units of these electric locomotives with the lowest reliability are determined. Based on the Pareto analysis, the frequently failing elements of the main limiting components are determined, which are the mechanical part, wheel pairs, brake equipment, traction drive and traction motors. These elements have a major impact on the safety of train traffic and therefore it is extremely important to constantly assess the condition of these elements. Attention is focused on the analysis of risks associated with the possible formation of operational failures, the system of planned preventive maintenance, methods and tools for assessing reliability, incorrect regulatory and documentation support and fixing operational defects, and their subsequent processing. Such a study makes it possible to improve the safety of the transportation process by careful monitoring of the most vulnerable areas of the rolling stock. This reveals the prefailure state before it occurs. The results of the study can be used as a basis for adjusting the current structure of the repair cycle in terms of reducing inter-repair runs.
Assuming unidirectional motion of compressed atmospheric air through a vertical cylindrical adsorbent with a fixed granular layer of the front-end purification unit adsorbent, the mathematical model for estimating the heterogeneity of a hydrodynamic velocity field in the radial and axial directions in a turbulent regime is proposed. The model is based on the boundary layer approximation of the Darcy – Brinkman – Forchheimer phenomenological equation. The steady-state flow at low permeability of the granular layer is identified using the collocation method, and the approximate analytical solution is obtained which justifies the applicability of an ideal displacement mode when describing the carrier medium motion. Numerical integration of a boundary value problem of the model equation using the finite-difference method with Richardson extrapolation confirms the conclusion validity. The structure of an accelerated turbulent flow having constant flow velocity in the input section shows that for small Forchheimer coefficients, the Darcy – Brinkman equation is used to obtain the analytical ratio for calculating the length of the initial hydrodynamic section. The proposed mathematical model for estimating the heterogeneity of the velocity field in adsorbers with a stationary dispersed layer is applicable for a laminar flow regime. Testing of this approach by assessing velocity field uniformity for a mass-produced front-end purification unit of air separation plants has shown its efficiency.
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