Alpha-fetoprotein represents the most prominent oncobiomarker, widely used in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma for monitoring of tumor progression, presence of metastasis, assessment of cancer prognosis and successful antitumor therapeutic measures. Yuri Semenovich Tatarinov is a Russian scientist who first published antigen specific for human hepatocellular carcinoma in 1963. To commemorate the 50th anniversary of the discovery of alpha-fetoprotein, 9th International Scientific-Practical Conference entitled "Achievements of fundamental science and translational medicine capabilities in solving actual problems of practical public health" was held from May 6-8th, 2013 in Astrakhan, Russia.The conference was held in memory of historical scientific work of Yuri Semenovich Tatarinov.
Background/Aim. Polyamines are important for the growth of eukaryotic cells. At high levels, they promote proliferation, invasion and migration of tumour cells. Polyamine metabolism is an important new target for anticancer therapy. Some polyamine analogues can have an inhibitory effect on tumour cells. The aim of this study was to explore the potential of certain butylated derivatives of propanediamine for prostate cancer chemotherapy. Materials and Methods. Human prostate cancer cells, LNCaP, were used for the evaluation of the antiproliferative activity of polyamine analogs and their influence on spermine oxidase. Results. Tetrabutyl propanediamine and two new polyamine analogues inhibited the growth of LNCaP cells. At the same time, a strong activation of spermine oxidase was observed. Conclusion. The investigated compounds demonstrated their potential value in the therapy of human prostate cancer. Their effect might be attributed to the activation of the polyamine catabolic pathway.
The accumulation of ATP by preparations of plasma membranes enriched particles (PMEP) isolated from rat hepatocytes, murine splenocytes and human T-lymphocytes has been investigated after the binding of human and murine tumour necrosis factors (TNFct) to their specific receptors. The TNFc~-induced expression of the nuclear oncogene c-myc in intact hepatocytes has been also studied. TNFc~ induced the marked biosynthesis of ATP on PMEP of hepatocytes and splenocytes within the first minute of incubation. The biosynthesis of ATP was independent of the activity of adenylate kinase and only occured in the presence of all the components of aerobic phosphorylation and the electron acceptor, cytochrome C or diferric transferrin. The level of ATP on PM correlated with the degree of expression of the nuclear oncogene c-myc in the same target cells. Adriamycin totally suppressed the biosynthesis of ATP on PM and simultaneously inhibited the expression of c-myc. The ATP synthesized on PM is suggested to be involved in transduction of the proliferative or growth signal to the cell nucleus.
The study of condition of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in 137 children and adolescents suffering of diabetes mellitus type I demonstrated progressing decrease of residual insulin secretion and insulin-binding activity of lymphocytes and erythrocytes against the background of metabolic disorders. This is the risk factor for severe course of disease with fast development of diabetic complications. The persistent disorder of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, higher level of overoxidation of lipids with disorder of activity of enzymes of antioxidant defense and reliable decreasing of insulin-binding activity of blood cells testify presence of oxidative stress in children. The metabolic disorders, presence of residual insulin secretion and oxidative stress are to be taking into account for prevention of deterioration of condition of patient with progressing course of disease. These processes determine application of adequate dosages of insulin and necessity of application of effective remedies with antioxidant activity.
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