The article represents the results of seismic monitoring during pillar recovery at the level +320m of the Yukspor deposit. The number of seismic events with an energy of more than 106 J is sharply increasing in the affected area of overlying rock base. This reflects fracture intergrowth and gradual rock failure due to stress redistribution. Mining operations cause new fractures and interstices, which in turn lead to residual stress redistribution through the formation of new defects. During the rock failure, stresses in the affected area become stable. If fracturing and timely rockfall of overlying rock base do not occur during excavations, thereafter, sudden caving poses a hazard by an underground air strike and can be a threat to the objects on surface. As for stability of mine workings, provoked gradual rock fall does not pose a threat, since this leads to consequent and constant reduction of the mountain base, and, therefore, support pressure, hanging walls become more stable. Underground seismic monitoring based on continuous seismic registration, local monitoring through various geophysical measurements and mathematical modeling of stress-strain rock condition improve the operational safety under difficult geodynamic conditions.
The article describes the experience in which the argumented parameters of the sublevel caving system in the conditions of mining operations take into account the Khibiny apatite-nepheline deposits. The stress state of the massif under the given conditions is determined by the parameters of the initial gravitational-tectonic field stresses, which have a complex distribution and redistribution for each individual isolating situation, which, in turn, is determined by the zone of the bearing pressure from the overlying stages. The necessary consideration of the factors indicated determined the order of the research: the parameters of regional field stress should be determined using the global numerical model of the deposit; after this, in order to justify the parameters of mining methods in local areas, it is necessary to make local numerical simulation for each area. All calculations were performed using Simulia Abaqus software, which implements the finite element method. Thus, the article presents numerical simulation of the stressed state of the massif of areas of “Plato Rasvumchorr” and “Apatitovii Tsirk” deposits and further describes the order of intersection of the results with the help of a global numerical model to a local numerical model of stope block at + 310 m at the Rusvumchorr mine. There are fixed minimum pillar sizes according to the accepted mining method in numerical simulation results using multiscale models.
The article puts forward and describes an integrated numerical/physical modeling procedure to improve evaluation efficiency of destressing drilling aimed at creating rockburst unhazardous conditions in underground openings. When rocks in the interwall space reaches the limit state under the action of rock pressure, the zones of stress concentration displace from the boundary of an underground opening into the depth of rock mass. As a result of the proposed activity implemented in underground mines of Apatit's Division in Kirovsk, the risk of an underground rock burst was reduced essentially
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