An experiment was conducted to study the bio-efficacy of nine different insecticides (triazophos 0.08 %, imidacloprid 0.002 %, profenophos 0.05 %, diafenthiuron 0.05 %, clothianidin 0.025 %, cartap hydrochloride 0.05 %, thiamethoxam 0.025 %, thiacloprid 0.012 % and spiromesifen 0.024 %) again sucking pests viz., jassid and whitefly in brinjal (GBH 1) at Main Vegetable Research Station, Anand Agricultural University, Anand during Rabi season of 2011-12. Among different insecticides evaluated, thiamethoxam, diafenthiuron and thiacloprid emerged as most effective; profenophos, clothianidin and imidacloprid were mediocre; while cartap hydrochloride, spiromesifen and triazophos were found least effective against jassid. So far whitefly is concerned, spiromesifen, diafenthiuron and triazophos emerged as most effective; imidacloprid, profenophos and cartap hydrochloride as mediocre, while clothianidin, thiamethoxam and thiacloprid emerged as least effective. Diafenthiuron exhibited significantly higher brinjal fruit yield (350.57 q/ha), whereas triazophos and cartap hydrochloride hosted significantly lower fruit yield. The minimum and maximum per cent avoidable losses were recorded in diafenthiuron (0.00) and control (55.25), respectively. The highest Net ICBR (71.83) was obtained from the plots treated with profenophos followed by thiacloprid (56.10), cartap hydrochloride (43.93), imidacloprid (39.10) and diafenthiuron (27.69).
July and four replications. The data revealed that in case of tikka disease there was positive significant correlation between disease intensity and maximum temperature (0.66), morning relative humidity (0.34), evaporation (0.39) and bright sunshine hours (0.65), whereas, minimum temperature (-0.55), evening relative humidity (-0.69), wind speed (-0.73) and rainy days (-0.26) showed negatively significant correlation with disease intensity in Kharif season and wind speed, rain and rainy days are responsible for development tikka disease intensity. In rust disease maximum temperature (0.59), morning relative humidity (0.33), evaporation (0.33) and bright sunshine hours (0.55) showed positive correlation with disease intensity. Whereas, minimum temperature (-0.44), evening relative humidity (-0.58) and wind speed (-0.63), showed negatively significant correlation with disease intensity in Kharif season. Other climatic factors i.e., rainfall showed no significant correlation with disease intensity. The morning relative humidity and bright sunshine hours were correlated for rust disease incidence. From the multiple regression it is seen that the tikka disease severity was significantly related with wind speed (-5.53), rain (0.12) and rainy days (-4.46) and these factors were found to be significantly superior among the all weather parameters. The multiple regression equation developed is: Y= 66.750-5.536WS (W-1) + 0.124RAIN (W-1)-4.463 RAINY DAYS (W-1). The result from all the relevant observations indicated that the morning relative humidity (2.87) and bright sunshine hours (5.65) during the crop growing period was found to be highly significant weather conditions for rust disease development among the all other weather parameters. The multiple regression equation developed is as: Y=-257.591 +2.
KEY WORDS : Groundnut, Sowing dates, Growth, YieldHow to cite this paper : Kanade, S.G., Shaikh, A.A. and Jadhav, J.D. (2015). Effect of sowing dates in groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.) on growth, yield attributing characters and yield. Adv. Res. J. Crop Improv., 6 (1) : 5-11.
In a recent investigation, the end hemispherical cavities (EHC) rollers exhibited better strength against fracture than hollow rollers. Furthermore, EHC rollers looked promising from a higher fatigue life aspect than conventional solid rollers in a simulation study. Therefore, it necessitated further exploration of the EHC roller concept and to this end, in the present investigation, the contact widths of EHC rollers were relatively evaluated to judge its contact stresses' behavior with respect to the solid roller because the contact stresses are responsible for the fatigue life of rolling bearings. In the experiments, the contact footprints were obtained by forcing specimens of rollers against chemically etched surfaces and were examined by a microscope for measurement of contact widths. The experimental trials were performed with individual roller-on-plate tests and also with full-bearing samples. The etch correction factor was used to correct anomalies of real and observed contact widths due to etching film thickness. The parabolic relationships were established for roller variants which yielded constants signifying their relative ranks. The contact semi-widths, thus derived from corrected experimental results of individual roller-on-plate tests, demonstrated good agreement (<5%) with those derived from simulation results. The results of full-bearing sample tests for roller variants also ranked same as individual roller-on-plate tests. The encouraging results of contact semi-width assuredly favor the prospects of relatively higher fatigue life in case of EHC rollers.
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