Electrochemically activated systems normalized activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase. The baseline activity of antioxidant enzymes considerably varies in humans and animals. This effect of electrochemically activated systems having negative oxidation-reduction potential was probably related to a training effect of excess electrons.
Daily oral administration of polysaccharides extracted from plaster clover plants increased physical endurance (as determined in swimming tests) and body weight in mice and rats, stimulated the recovery of hematopoiesis in rats with experimentally produced lead anemia, and boosted the immune response to rat erythrocytes in mice, causing pronounced changes in the erythrocytic and leukocytic series and particularly in immunocompetent organs such as the thymus and spleen. Key Words: plaster clover; polysaccharides; lead anemiaBroad-spectrum immunomodulating preparations have been shown to be able to produce a diversity of beneficial effects in the host (e.g., to enhance regeneration, mitigate anemia, and promote adaptive responses) and are therefore of considerable practical interest. Such effects appear to stem from the ability of certain T-lymphocyte populations to act directly on cell growth, as has been discussed at length in reports on studies with various animal models [1][2][3][4][5][6][7].Much promise in this regard seems to lie in research into the immunomodulating, antianemic, and adaptation-promoting potentials of preparations made from the plant plaster clover, whose polysaccharides are endowed with valuable biological properties while being virtually nontoxic.In the present study we tested plaster clover polysaccharides (PCP) for their effects on lead anemia in rats, on immune plaque formation in the spleen of mice, and on the general physical activity of both mice and rats. MATERIALS AND METHODSPCP were obtained from plaster clover (Melilotus officinalis D.) plants by extraction with hot water, N. A. Semashko Medical Stomatological Institute, Moscow followed by precipitation with 96% ethanol and purification by electrodialysis. The resulting preparations of light gray color were soluble in hot water and contained 76-82% of the active principle.A total of 55 random-bred male mrs (body weight 85-95 g) and 120 female BALB/c mice (body weight 18-20 g) were used. Test animals were administered PCP by the oral route once daily at 50 or 500 ~ag/kg body weight for 30 days.At 3-5-day intervals during the 30-day treatment period, the animals were weighed, their physical work capacity was evaluated in a swimming test by noting how long they could swim, and samples of their peripheral blood were taken from the retroorbital sinus and assayed for hemoglobin and erythrocyte, leukocyte, and differential blood counts using Romanowsky's stain; in addition, several animals were sacrificed at each 3-5-day interval to measure thymus and spleen weights and determine the number of peripheral blood lymphocytes after their isolation by centrifugation in a Ficoll density gradient [8].In rats, lead anemia was produced by the standard method using lead acetate.In mice, the immune response to rat erythrocytes was assessed in a plaque assay in monolayers [9] by counting the number of antibody-producing cells (APC) in their spleens on day 4 or 5 after in-
The possibility of a resonance mechanism of immunomodulation of antibody secretion by immune antibody-producing splenocytes in mice is demonstrated. Parameters of the effects of weak magnetic fields on the process of immune antibody production in mice are defined.Key Words: weak magnetic fields; antibody secretion; mice Many facts are now available indicating marked sensitivity of the body and of individual cells, cell organelles, and protein enzymes to magnetic fields lower than the earth's level, to weak electromagnetic radiation, light exposure, weak direct and alternating currents, and to low homeopathic doses of chemical compounds [2,3,6,7]. Besides being interesting from a theoretical viewpoint, these data open up new vistas for therapeutic exposures to various fields and currents of low, in principle safe, intensities. The mechanisms of such processes are still unclear. We proposed that low-intensity exposures acquire the pattern of a signal, so that there is an information type effect on the organism. The mechanism of resonance -enhancement of certain parameters of a system during exposure to strictly defined signals -is one of the best known and best studied mechanisms of such exposures.The purpose of our study was to elucidate the possibility of a narrow-resonance exposure of a biological object to low-intensity factors as exemplified by the process of antibody secretion by immune antibody-producing ceUs (APC) in mice. Medical Sciences were used. For immunization red cells from 2-3 outbred rats were taken; the cells were washed in Hanks solution three times, and 0.5 ml of the suspension was injected intraperitoneally in a dose of 5 mln cells per mouse. Exposure to magnetic fields (MF) was carried out with a specially designed device permitting the creation within a 5-7 cm radius of a strictly dosed (accuracy 2%) permanent MF of 0-2 Gs strength and an alternating MF of 1-100 Hz frequency and 0-2 Gs strength in the vertical direction. The MF horizontal constituent was compensated for with an accuracy of up to 5% by permanent magnets. Splenocytes from 3-5 mice on sensitization days 3, 4, and 5 suspended in Hanks solution with glucose were mixed in the same tube and poured into several tubes, 0.5 m_l containing 5 mln cells into each tube, and then exposed for various periods to a permanent or alternating MF. Then samples from each tube were tested in three variants for intensity of secretion of antibodies to specific antigens by the plaque method in a monolayer in glass chambers [5]. For this purpose washed splenocytes of immunized mice (0.5 to 1 mln ceils in 0.05 m_l Hanks solution) were mixed with a similar volume of 1% red cells with which the animals were immunized and with 0.05 ml of 1:6 diluted rabbit complement adsorbed with rat red cells. The chambers were covered with cover slips and put into an incubator at 37~ in an exsiccator where 100% humidity was created. After 24 h 0007-4888/94/0005-0478512.50 9 MATERIALS AND METHODS BALBPlenum Publishing Corporation
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