With the ever-increasing global demand for high quality rice in both local production regions and with Western consumers, we have a strong desire to understand better the importance of the different traits that make up the quality of the rice grain and obtain a full picture of rice quality demographics. Rice is by no means a ‘one size fits all’ crop. Regional preferences are not only striking, they drive the market and hence are of major economic importance in any rice breeding / improvement strategy. In this analysis, we have engaged local experts across the world to perform a full assessment of all the major rice quality trait characteristics and importantly, to determine how these are combined in the most preferred varieties for each of their regions. Physical as well as biochemical characteristics have been monitored and this has resulted in the identification of no less than 18 quality trait combinations. This complexity immediately reveals the extent of the specificity of consumer preference. Nevertheless, further assessment of these combinations at the variety level reveals that several groups still comprise varieties which consumers can readily identify as being different. This emphasises the shortcomings in the current tools we have available to assess rice quality and raises the issue of how we might correct for this in the future. Only with additional tools and research will we be able to define directed strategies for rice breeding which are able to combine important agronomic features with the demands of local consumers for specific quality attributes and hence, design new, improved crop varieties which will be awarded success in the global market.
In experiment farm of the Rice Research and Training Center, (RRTC),Sakha, Kafr elsheikh, Egypt, during the period 2013 and 2014 rice growing seasons ,the present investigation was aimed to evaluate some panicle characters of some local and exotic rice cultivars under normal and drought conditions. These cultivars were ,i.e.,
The present investigation was carried out at Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC), Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt, during summer seasons 2011 and 2012 as a preliminary study to breed for Egyptian super rice varieties. The objectives of the present study ware aimed to comprise 10 local and exotic rice cultivars to be tested under the two stresses, salinity and water stress in order to identify one or more genotypes could be grown under both conditions and/or to be utilized as a donor in the program to establish an Egyptian super rice varieties. Results clearly showed significant and highly significant differences between examined genotypes regarding all studied characters as affected by the different salinity levels and water stress conditions in the two seasons. Under the two conditions all of the investigated characters were decreased significantly by increasing salinity levels except sterility % increased by increasing salinity levels. The results also revealed that GZ 1368 -S-5-4 followed by Giza 179 and Giza 178 were found to be the highest tolerant rice genotypes to salinity levels beside to its significant degree of drought tolerance, these genotypes could be nominated to be grown either under salt effected soil or under water stress conditions and/or used as a donor for those types of stresses in any crossing program towards breeding for Egyptian super rice varieties. On the other hand, although, Sakha 102, Sakha 101 and Giza 182 which exhibited high yielding under normal conditions, they were found to be highly sensitive rice genotypes under both salinity and water stress conditions.The results showed that also PCV (phenotypic coefficient of variance) in general was higher than GCV (genotypic coefficient of variation) for various characters. However the difference between GCV and PCV was low for most of the characters studied. This indicates less degree of environmental influence on manifestation of these characters. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance were recorded for number of filled grains per panicle, number of panicles/ plant and grain yield/ plant indicated the major role of additive gene action in the inheritance of these characters and these characters could be improved by selection in early segregating generations. Thus, these characters may serve as an effective selection parameter during breeding program for crop improvement.
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