1 ، ‫عباس‬ ‫سلمان‬ ‫رياض‬ 2 ‫و‬ ‫الكواز‬ ‫غازي‬ 3 1 ‫والمياه‬ ‫التربة‬ ‫قسم‬ -‫الزراعة‬ ‫كلية‬ -‫االنبار‬ ‫جامعة‬ 3 ‫الزراعة‬ ‫كلية‬ -‫بغداد‬ ‫جامعة‬ ‫الملخص‬ ‫ت‬ ‫أجريت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ر‬ ‫س‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ليتيتت‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ت‬ ‫تجربتت‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ب‬ ‫تتج‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫سلي‬ ‫تح‬ ‫ت‬ ‫تينيح‬ ‫صت‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ع‬ ‫سي‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ة‬ ‫تي‬ ‫سخشت‬ ‫و‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ت‬ ‫سكيت‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ستت‬ ‫تو‬ ‫صت‬ ‫سل‬ ‫و‬ ‫تول‬ ‫سلبت‬ ‫تو‬ ‫صت‬ ‫ل‬ ‫تص‬ ‫ت‬ ‫تيريرف‬ ‫وتت‬ ‫توجص‬ ‫سبيوست‬ ‫تب‬ ‫ت‬ ‫وي‬ ‫ة‬ ‫تة‬ ‫ستجربت‬ ‫تول.‬ ‫سلبت‬ ‫تص‬ ‫ت‬ ‫تروتيح‬ ‫سبت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ألوست‬ ‫تي‬ ‫أضت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫يهت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫سكيت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫إست‬ ‫تة‬ ‫ستربت‬ , ‫إذ‬ ‫تي‬ ‫أضت‬ ‫تتوييح‬ ‫ت‬ ‫س‬ ‫ب‬ 4 ‫و‬ 8 ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫كيت‬ ‫تز‬ ‫كغت‬ -1 ‫وح‬ ‫تح‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫يت‬ ‫ل‬ ‫س‬ ‫تة‬ ‫تت‬ ‫ة‬ ‫تح‬ ‫عت‬ ‫ع‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ضت‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ت‬ ‫إضت‬ .) ‫سكي‬ ‫س‬ ‫يهت‬ ‫أضتي‬ ‫ي‬ ‫يية‬ ‫سر‬ ‫ستجربة‬ ‫أ‬ ‫تتوييح‬ ‫س‬ ‫ب‬ ‫سكيت‬ ‫أضتي‬ ‫إذ‬ ‫سخضترأ‬ ‫توخ‬ ‫ج‬ ‫س‬ ‫عتت‬ ‫ع‬ ‫رشت‬ ‫كيت‬ 0.4 ‫و‬ 0.8 . ‫كي‬ ‫كغز‬ -1 ) ‫ي‬ ‫ء‬ ‫س‬ ‫ب‬ ‫رش‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ل‬ ‫س‬ ‫تة‬ ‫ة‬ ‫عح‬ ‫ع‬ ‫ض‬ ‫وق‬ . ‫أضي‬ ‫سكي‬ ‫تص‬ ‫ك‬ ‫تتت‬ ‫ستجتربتيح‬ ‫يص‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ةت‬ ‫س‬ ‫ريح‬ ‫ت‬ ‫صت‬ ‫س‬ ‫تح‬ ‫ت‬ ZnSO 4 .7H 2 O ‫س‬ ‫و‬ ) ‫تص‬ ‫ختبت‬ Zn-DTPA .) ‫ت‬ ‫سيتت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫بييت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫عتيهت‬ ‫تو‬ ‫تلصت‬ ‫س‬ ‫ت‬ ‫كيت‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ةيويت‬ ‫ة‬ ‫سلبت‬ ‫تو‬ ‫صت‬ ‫ل‬ ‫تص‬ ‫تو‬ ‫صت‬ ‫سل‬ ‫و‬ ‫ول‬ ‫سبيوستوجص‬ ‫ت‬ ‫عيت‬ ‫ة‬ ‫إضت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫سكيت‬ ‫إست‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ستربت‬ ‫ة‬ ‫تتو‬ ‫س‬ ‫ب‬ 8 ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫كيت‬ ‫تز‬ ‫كغت‬ -1 ‫ت‬ ‫تت‬ ‫ة‬ ‫تا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫قي‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ت‬ ‫يت‬ ‫ل‬ ‫س‬ , ‫ت‬ ‫يت‬ ‫وك‬ ‫ت‬ ‫كيت‬ ‫ة‬ ‫تب‬ ‫ت‬ ‫بي‬ ‫تول‬ ‫سلبت‬ ‫تو‬ ‫صت‬ ‫ل‬ ‫تص‬ ‫ت‬ 26.4 ‫و‬ 38.5 % ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫سلي‬ ‫تينص‬ ‫سصت‬ ‫ة‬ ‫تو‬ ‫أبت‬ ‫غريل‬ 3 ‫ة)‬ ‫ع‬ ‫سي‬ ‫ور‬ ‫و‬ 85 ‫سخشية)‬ , ‫سص‬ ‫ستتو‬ ‫عتت‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫سكيت‬ ‫ة‬ ‫صتو‬ ‫سل‬ ‫تص‬ ‫سبيوستوجص‬ ‫تب‬ ‫بي‬ ‫يت‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ة‬ 19.0 ‫و‬ 36.9 % ‫سصتينيح‬ ‫سكت‬ , ‫سص‬ ‫ستتو‬ ‫عتت‬ ‫أيضت‬ ‫ضت‬ ‫س‬ ‫سكيت‬ ‫ر‬ ‫صت‬ ‫عتح‬ ‫سيرتر‬ ‫وبغت‬ . ‫تب‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ة‬ ‫تتتتول‬ ‫سلبت‬ ‫تتتتص‬ ‫ت‬ ‫تتتتروتيح‬ ‫سبت‬ ‫س‬ ‫تتتت‬ ‫عيت‬ ‫تتتت‬ ‫ةيويت‬ ‫تتتتينيح‬ ‫تصت‬ ‫ة‬ ‫تتتت‬ ‫إضت‬ ‫تتتت‬ ‫سكيت‬ ‫تتتت‬ ‫إست‬ ‫تتتت‬ ‫ستربت‬ ‫ة‬ ‫تتتتتو‬ ‫ت‬ ‫س‬ ‫ب‬ 8 ‫تتتت‬ ‫كيت‬ ‫تتتتز‬ ‫كغت‬ -1 , ‫و‬ ‫ع‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ت‬ ‫إض‬ ‫تو‬ ‫س‬ ‫ب‬ ‫رش‬ 0.8 ‫كي‬ ‫كغز‬ -1 ‫سكي‬ ‫ي‬ ‫وك‬ ‫ة‬ ‫عيت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫إضت‬ ‫ستتربت‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ت‬ ‫بي‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ة‬ 15.4 ‫و‬ 9.7 % . ‫أض‬ ‫عي‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ت‬ ‫رش‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ب‬ ‫بي‬ ‫ة‬ ‫سكي‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ك‬ 14.8 ‫و‬ 6.2 % ‫سصتينص‬ ‫ت‬ ‫سلي‬ ‫ة‬ ‫أبتو‬ ‫غريتل‬ 3 ‫ور‬ ‫و‬ 85 , ‫عتت‬ ‫سص,‬ ‫ستو‬ ‫قي‬ ‫تت‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ة‬ ‫يت‬ ‫ل‬ ‫س‬ , ‫ضت‬ ‫س‬ ‫سكيت‬ ‫ر‬ ‫صت‬ ‫عتح‬ ‫سيرتر‬ ‫وبغت‬ ‫كتذس‬ ‫تص‬ ‫سكيت‬ ‫لتتو‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ةيوي‬ ‫سلبول‬ ‫عي‬ ‫ة‬ ‫إض‬ ‫سكي‬ ‫ستربة‬ ‫إس‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬ ‫تو‬ 8.0 ‫و‬ ‫كغتز‬ ‫لتتو‬ ‫تص‬ ‫يخنت‬ ‫خ‬ ‫لت‬ ‫سوقت‬ ‫ينتا‬ ‫تص‬ ‫نور‬ ‫سن‬ ‫بة‬ ‫بي‬ 5.1 ‫و‬ 5.3 ‫بوغريل‬ ‫ستصينيح‬ % 3 ‫ور‬ ‫و‬ 85 , ‫وعي‬ ‫سص.‬ ‫ستو‬ ‫عت‬ ‫ة‬ ‫إضت‬ ‫س‬ ‫تتو‬ 0.8 ‫كغتز‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫كيت‬ -1 ‫ت‬ ‫رشت‬ , ‫لصتت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫أيضت‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ت‬ ‫كيت‬ ‫تص‬ ‫لتتو‬ ‫تص‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫خنت‬ ‫تا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫سكيت‬ ‫تو‬ ‫لتت‬ ‫تنور‬ ‫ت‬ ‫سن‬ ‫تبة‬ ‫ت‬ ‫بي‬ ‫تح‬ ‫وسكت‬ 6.9 ‫و‬ 9.3 ‫تل‬ ‫بوغريت‬ ‫تينيح‬ ‫سصت‬ % 3 ‫ور‬ ‫و‬ 85 , ‫و‬ ‫سص.‬ ‫تو‬ ‫ستت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫عتت‬ ‫تة‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ع‬ ‫تنة‬ ‫بصت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫تر‬ ‫ةتبت‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ت‬ ‫إضت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫سكيت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫إست‬ ‫و‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ةت‬ ‫ب‬ ‫تة‬ ‫ستربت‬ 8.0 ‫كغز‬ -1 ‫و‬ ‫ء‬ ‫س‬ ‫سصورة‬ ‫عت‬ ‫ختبية‬ ‫أو‬ ‫يية‬ ‫ة‬ ‫...

To study the effect of phosphogypsum and humic acids in the growth and yield of barley in saline soil. A field experiment was conducted in calcareous soil (Saline -Sodic), her salinity before addition of the study factors was 73.78 dS m -1 . After plowing, smoothing and leveling, the field is divided into three replicates according to the design (RCBD), where each replicate included 16 experimental units (plot) with an area of 3.0 m 2 , four levels of phosphogypsum 0, 5, 10 and 15 tons ha -1 with symples PG 0 ,PG 1 , PG 2 and PG 3 respectively, and four levels of humic acids 0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha -1 with symples HA 0 , HA 1 , HA 2 and HA 3 respectively, were added and mixed with the surface layer 0-15 cm for each plot at random. After the addition was carried out the leaching process of soil by adding leaching water equivalent to twice the size of soil pores to a depth of 0-30 cm, then the values of ECe and ESP reached a depth of 0-30 cm at a rate of 17.71 dS m -1 and 8.02 % sequentially, the seeds of barley were planted in lines. After harvest, the height of the plant, the straw yield, the grain yield per hectare, and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content were measured. The results showed a significant increase in all the traits of growth and production of barley plants by increasing the level of addition, whether of phosphogypsum or humic acids, the interaction between phosphogypsum and humic acids gave a highest increase in the growth and yield characteristics. As the treatment PG 3 HA 3 was given the highest rate of plant height, straw yield and grain yield per hectar, 100.32%, 183.55% and 99.10% sequentially relative to the non-additive treatment. The grain content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was significantly increased by increasing the level of addition, whether of phosphogypsum or humic acids, the interaction between phosphogypsum and humic acids showed the highest increase in grain content of the three elements. As the treatment PG 3 HA 3 was given the highest concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with an increase of 169.62%, 69.52% and 112.81% sequentially relative to the non-additive treatment. ‫كهماث‬ ‫مفتاحيت:‬ ‫الدباليت،‬ ‫االحماض‬ ‫الفىسفاتي،‬ ‫الجبس‬ ‫القش،‬ ‫حاصل‬ ، ‫الحبىب‬ ‫حاصل‬ ‫النيتروجين‬ .

No abstract

This study was condacted to evaluate the influence of some bacrial inoculated usage as( Azotobacter spp,Streptomyces spp and Pseudomonas spp) on the remining substrate of Oyster mushroom ( Pleurotus ostreatus (jacq).fr.) after crop cycle completed and determining usage it in animal feeding or as an organic fertilizer .

In order to study the effect of phosphogypsum and humic acids in the kinetic release of salt from salt affected soil, a laboratory experiment was conducted in which columns made from solid polyethylene were 60.0 cm high and 7.1 cm in diameter. The columns were filled with soil so that the depth of the soil was 30 cm inside the column, the experiment included two factors, the first factor was phosphogypsum and was added at levels 0, 5, 10 and 15 tons ha -1 and the second factor humic acids were added at levels 0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha -1 by mixing them with the first 5 cm of column soil and one repeater per treatment. The continuous leaching method was used by using an electrolytic well water 2.72 dS m -1 . Collect the leachate daily and continue the leaching process until the arrival of the electrical conductivity of the filtration of leaching up to 3-5 dS m -1 . The electrical conductivity and the concentration of positive dissolved ions (Ca, Mg, Na) were estimated in leachate and the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) was calculated. The results showed that the best equation for describing release kinetics of the salts and sodium adsorption ratio in soil over time is the diffusion equation. Increasing the level of addition of phosphogypsum and humic acids increased the constant release velocity (K) of salts and the sodium adsorption ratio. The interaction between phosphogypsum and humic acids was also affected by the constant release velocity of salts and the sodium adsorption ratio. The constant release velocity (K) of the salts and the sodium adsorption ratio at any level of addition of phosphogypsum increased with the addition of humic acids. The highest salts release rate was 216.57 in PG3HA3, while the lowest rate was 149.48 in PG0HA0. The highest release rate of sodium adsorption ratio was 206.09 in PG3HA3, while the lowest rate was 117.23 in PG0HA0.

A column experiment was conducted to study the effect of added humic acid in a mixture of different salinity water in kinetics of salts release and sodium adsorption ratio in calcareous soil with a texture clay loam. The soil was taken from the surface layer (0-30 cm), dried with an antenna and passed through a 2 mm diameter sieve. It was filled with steel polyethylene columns with a diameter of 7.5 cm, height 30 cm and a density of 1.37 Mgm m -3 . Place a filter under the column 5 cm high of sand and glass wool. All columns were dampened by the poetic properties to maintain homogeneity of moisture content in the entire column. The number of columns used to study the movement and distribution of salts is 4×3= 12 columns. A fixed column of water was placed above the surface of the soil column of different salinity water (0.72, 3.00, 5.00 and 7.00 dSm -1 ) in accordance with humic acid levels of 0.00, 0.25 and 0.50 g L -1 . The washing process continued until the electrical conductivity of the added water was equal to the electrical conductivity of the running water from the columns. The electrical conductivity and sodium adsorption ratio in the candidate water was determined and the results were subjected to kinetic equations for the study of salts release over time. Results showed that the best equation for describing the relationship between the liberated salts (g l -1) and the free SAR and the time (day) is the diffusion equation and the mathematical model Ct= C0-Kt 1/2 for the diffusion equation is the most appropriate in describing the relationship. It is noticed that the rate of release speed (K) increases with the increase in the level of added humic acid and any level of salt water used in the experiment and the amount of salts released and the proportion of adsorption of sodium increases over time and increase the levels of addition of the humic acid

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of the source and level of addition of nano-zinc oxide on the growth and yield of IPA-99 wheat cultivar grown in desert soil conditions and compare it with regular zinc fertilizers. Fertilizers were sprayed on the soil, the nano-fertilizers included three sources of zinc, nano-metallic zinc oxide (ZnnO), zinc-chelated nano-fertilizer ZnnDTPA, and nano-zinc humate (ZnnHA). The nano-fertilizers were added at levels of 1 and 2 kg ha-1. Whereas the regular zinc fertilizers, ZnO, ZnDTPA, and ZnHA, were added at a level of 4 and 8 kg ha-1 in addition to the control treatment without addition. After harvest, the grain yield, straw yield, and the concentration of zinc, nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium in the wheat grain were estimated. The results showed that zinc nano fertilizers had a significant effect in increasing the studied plant traits compared to the control treatment, Zinc humate nano fertilizer gave the highest increase in all studied plant traits among the nano-fertilizers, as it achieved an increase in grain yield, straw yield, zinc, nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium concentrations in grains by 45.36%, 57.01%, 409.43%, 42.36%, 98.20%, and 38.56 % respectively over the control treatment. The zinc nano-fertilizers had a significant effect on increasing the yield of grains and the concentration of nitrogen and potassium in the grains compared to the regular zinc fertilizers. While the results showed there was no significant difference in straw yield and the concentration of zinc and phosphorous in the grains between nano and normal zinc fertilizer.

A laboratory experiment was conducted on saline-sodic soil taken from the 0-30 cm surface layer of clay loam from the farm of a college of agriculture/Anbar university. Sixteen combinations of humic acids (HA1, HA2, HA3, HA4) and phosphogypsum (G1, G2, G3, and G4) at a concentration of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 gm l−1 for both were used. In addition to two treatments for comparison, commercial clean salt (CS) and Euphrates water. Eighteen polyethylene columns were used, with a length of 60 cm and an inner diameter of 7.1 cm. After the columns were filled with the soil, the columns were washed with enriched water with combinations of humic acids and phosphogypsum. The combinations were mixed with Euphrates water. Washing of column continued until three porous volumes had passed. The results showed that the value of accumulation salts (gm l−1) and the concentrations of sodium, calcium, and magnesium (mmol l−1) increased with the increase in pore volume passing through. The movement of salts and sodium concentrations increased with the increase of phosphogypsum with the increase in the level of humic acid in combination, as the highest value of salts and washed sodium reached 4921.98 gm l−1 and 38794.53 mmol l−1 respectively, in HA4G4 combination, compared to HA1G1, which reached 2436.64 gm l−1 and 20596.27 mmol l−1 respectively. While the calcium and magnesium concentrations increased with the increase of phosphate gypsum and decreased with the increase in the level of humic acid in combination. The combination AH1G4 gave the highest concentrations of 10158.04 and 3577.27 (mmol l−1), compared to HA4G4, which reached 6867.60 gm l−1 and 2473.01 mmol l−1, respectively. The water washing treatments and the salinity treatment (CS) gave the lowest amount of salts and concentrations of sodium, calcium, and magnesium compared to all combinations. The diffusion equation is the best for describing the kinetics of the release of the sodium adsorption rate in the soil over time, as it gave the highest rate of determination coefficient (R2) (which was 0.985 and the lowest standard error) (SEe), which reached 55.439. With an increase in the level of addition of humic acids.