Literacy is one important component in a culture, one of which is Javanese culture. Javanese script is used as the main script that is used daily by most people in Central Java. Along with the development of human civilization and the expansion of global life, Javanese script began to be abandoned, even by the Javanese themselves. The use of Javanese characters is reduced because of the difficulty of learning Javanese characters themselves. Java character sets consist of basic characters, numbers, complementary characters, and so on. Javanese script is a traditional Indonesian script known as Hanacaraka or Carakan. Backpropagation is a systematic method of artificial neural networks using supervised learning algorithms and is usually used by perceptron with multiple screen layers to change the weights in the hidden layer. Text recognition application in alphabetical letters with neural networks. In the research we made, the training results of this application are good, because it can recognize letters well, the maximum characters that can be read by the application are 128 characters [Latin characters], based on ASCII code pages, this text recognition application can recognize letters and numbers, namely AZ and 0-9 with a percentage of success of up to 90%, Input characters to teach on the form train can only teach 1 character only.

The coastline changes depend on stability of coastal bodies, such as characteristics of sediment and coastal slope. This research aimed to determine the relationship between the rate of coastline changes with the characteristics of sediment and coastal slope. The coastline changes were analysed by Landsat satellite images in 1991, 1999 and 2017 used End Point Rate (EPR) method on Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) module. Sediment characteristics (grain size and sediment statistics mean, sorting, skewness and kurtosis) were analysed by dry sieves and hydrometer with graphical method. The coastal slope used ASTER DEM (Digital Elevation Model) data analysis. The results showed that coastline changes at Pangenan coast of Cirebon in 1991-1999, 1999-2017 and 1991-2017 had average accretion rate respectively was 10.72 m/year, 7.25 m/year, 8.97 m/year and average abrasion rate was -12.49 m/year, -9.67 m/year, -6.70 m/year. The sediments were dominated by coarse silt, that had characteristics, were very well sorted, very fine skewed and platykurtic. The coastal slope was categorized as flat. The conclusion of this research was the rate of coastline change had not significant correlation with sediment and coastal slope.

Teaching and learning mathematics should provide opportunity to student to express, explain, and give reason regarding what they are thinking. In addition, teaching and learning mathematics should make student active, creative, efective, meaningful, and joyful. Students are able to think accurately and communicate properly. These are relevant to the essence of teaching and learning mathematics, mathematical thinking and mathematical communication. By teaching and learning matematics student is supported to catch the idea of concepts, rules, and principles of mathematics, and then revoicing all of them. Even they should be able to defence what they assume as rightness argumentatively (mathematical argumentation or mathematical reasoning). Even though mathematical argumentation is one of important mathematical competences, but it has to make student to proportionaly master. However, mathematical argumentation is mathematical creativity with in tolerances to get the real meaning of learning mathematics. Teaching and learning mathematics can use to (i) highlight ideas that have come directly from students; (ii) help develop students' understanding that are implicit in those ideas; (iii) negotiate meaning with students, and (iv) add new ideas, or move discussion in another direction.Key words: mathematical argumentation, thinking, communication, express, explain, reason. PENDAHULUANMatematika bukan sekadar ilmu hitung yang berkaitan dengan bilangan dan bentuk semata, matematika juga merupakan pola pikir yang mendasari pola sikap dan pola tindak seseorang. Sebagaimana dinyatakan oleh Reys bahwa matematika adalah telaah tentang pola dan hubungan, jalan berpikir, seni, bahasa, dan alat. Hal tersebut dikuatkan oleh Johnson & Rising bahwa matematika adalah pola berpikir, pola mengorganisasikan, pembuktian yang logis; bahasa yang menggunakan istilah yang didefinisikan dengan cermat, jelas, dan akurat; menggunakan representasi simbol yang padat.Dari semua subjek kurikulum yang ada, matematika adalah salah satu subjek yang paling global. Hampir tidak ada subjek lain yang dipelajari pada semua jenjang pendidikan secara internasional, mulai dari tingkat sekolah dasar hingga perguruan tinggi, bahkan di taman kanak-kanak, selain matematika.Salah satu alasan mengapa matematika disajikan (hampir) pada semua jenjang pendidikan adalah karena matematika menggunakan "bahasa" universal yang digunakan di manapun di seantero dunia dengan menggunakan tanda, notasi, simbol, dan lambang yang seragam. Hal ini menjadikan matematika relatif tidak mengundang mispersepsi karena lambang (bahasa) yang digunakan di manapun sama.Hal lain yang menyebabkan matematika perlu diajarkan pada semua tingkatan pendidikan adalah karena matematika memang sangat penting untuk dikuasai oleh siapapun karena ada dan digunakan (hampir) pada setiap aktivitas kehidupan manusia. Disadari atau tidak, konsep, kaidah, dan prinsip matematika amat berpengaruh terhadap pengambilan keputusan dalam berbagai sendi kehidupan, baik pribadi, sosial, maupun kemasyarakata...

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the education system was faced with a situation that required teachers to master distance learning media. Distance learning is still a polemic among the community, this is because distance learning is still considered no better than conventional direct learning, especially in mathematics learning that requires understanding of concepts to be able to master the material. The purpose of this research is find out which method is better between the class using the distance learning method during the COVID-19 pandemic and the class using the conventional direct method. This type of research conducted in this study is ex post facto research with a causal comparative design. The sample in this study was class 11th grade of the 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 school year at one of the senior high school in Sukabumi. Mathematics learning outcome data is obtained from the end of semester exam results, the data is then processed using the Mann-Whitney nonparametric difference test. The results showed that there were differences in mathematics learning outcomes between students who used the distance learning method and students who used conventional direct methods, and students who used distance learning had better results than students who used conventional direct methods.

Mathematics is viewed by some students as a difficult subject, resulting them to be anxious when they are dealing with mathematics learning. Therefore, what and how mathematics anxiety have become an interesting issue to be studied. This study aims to describe mathematics anxiety profiles of senior high school students based on types of personality, which are extrovert and introvert. The study used qualitative method with triangulation strategy for collecting data in the forms of questionnaire regards extrovert and introvert personality types, MAS (Mathematics Anxiety Scale) questionnaire and interview. The subject of research were students from the 11th grade of one of high schools in Bandung. The result showed that: (1) extrovert students assume that mathematics is difficult so that they feel worried and are lack of enthusiasm when they are in the classroom, which the highest anxiety is when they are dealing with examination and assignment provided by their teacher, resulted that they feel scared, nervous, dizzy, and get stomach-ache; (2) introvert students assume mathematics as a complicated but interesting subject in the sense of they feel worried in classroom but they are calm and ease in facing examination but when they are appointed by teacher, they feel scared and not confidence.

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Desa Sumber Harapan dikenal sebagai desa wisata budaya khususnya kerajinan tenun songket. Desa ini terletak di Kecamatan Sambas, Kabupaten Sambas Propinsi Kalimantan Barat. Letak geografis Kabupaten Sambas yang berbatasan langsung dengan Negara Malaysia sangat mempengaruhi kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat desa Sumber Harapan. Permasalahan prioritas yang dihadapi pengrajin tenun songket Sambas adalah  proses produksi, pengemasan, promosi dan pemasaran. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam kegiatan pengabdian di desa Sumber Harapan adalah memperbaiki proses produksi tenun songket, memberikan bantuan pengemasan (packing) yang lebih baik, mempromosikan produk dalam berbagai kegiatan dan memasarkan kain tenun songket Sambas melalui pameran produk tenun. Mitra dalam kegiatan pengabdian di desa Sumber Harapan terdiri dari Koperasi Rantai Mawar beranggotakan, kelompok tenun Sumber Rezeki, kelompok tenun Cual Mandiri dan karang taruna Lestari desa Sumber Harapan.Kegiatan pengabdian yang dilakukan di desa Sumber Harapan adalah bantuan mesin penggulung benang tenun beserta pelatihan cara pengoperasian dan perawatannya, pelatihan desain grafis untuk kemasan, bantuan kotak kemasan produk tenun, promosi dan pemasaran melalui kegiatan pameran produk tenun dan pelatihan sablon. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan daya saing produk, perbaikan tata nilai masyarakat, peningkatan penerapan Iptek di desa dan peningkatan SDM masyarakat. Pengukuran hasil evaluasi kegiatan dilakukan melalui kuisioner yang diisi oleh mitra, peningkatan harga jual produk dan jumlah transaksi yang dilakukan terhadap produk tenun.