“…Recent research argues for employee engagement in the workplace through clear and adequate theories such as the job demand resource model (Schaufeli and Bakker, 2004), self-determination theory , and conservation resource theory . Schaufeli and Bakker (2004) stated that work engagement is a persistent and pervasive affective-cognitive state characterized by passion, dedication, and absorption. Vigor refers to high energy levels and a state of mental endurance while working.…”