Adding SiC particle (SiCp) to Al alloys to form Al/SiCp composite can increase the elastic modulus and reduce the thermal expansion coefficient of the material. In this study, the microstructure, porosity and thermal expansion coefficient, and mechanical properties of AlSi10Mg-10 vol.% SiCp composite fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) were investigated. The ultimate tensile strength, compressive strength, compressive modulus, and the thermal expansion coefficient of LPBF-deposited AlSi10Mg/SiCp composite are 351, 861.9 MPa, 121.9 GPa and 18.23 × 10−6°C−1, respectively. The results demonstrate that the use of the Ev equation to evaluate the effect of LPBF parameters on mechanical properties and relative density of the composites is accurate when only one parameter changes in the Ev equation.