“…These can be expressed by the total investment in fixed assets , the number of employees at the end of the year Qian & Liu, 2013;Yang & Wen, 2017), and the energy consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP (Qian & Liu, 2013;Yang & Wen, 2017). The output indicators include both expected output and non-expected output, which are expressed via GDP (Qian & Liu, 2013;Wang et al, 2017;Yang & Wen, 2017) and environmental pollution index (Che et al, 2018;Lin et al, 2017;Mu et al, 2017). The formula of the environmental pollution index is as follows:…”