Психологічна Реабілітація Пацієнтів Під Час Ремісії: Психодіагностика Та Методи Психосоціальної Корекції

Abstract

The article deals with psychosocial rehabilitation as a process of facilitating the ability to achieve a comfortable level of independent functioning of people with mental illnesses, improving the quality of their life in society. The process of psychosocial rehabilitation is aimed at improving the socio-emotional skills of adaptation of the individual in society. Methods. A study of available sources on the psychological impact of psychosocial correction and psychological rehabilitation methods on patients with mental illness was conducted. In addition, the quality of life of such patients in the social and psycho-physical aspects, the influence of personal characteristics and methods of psychodiagnosis of disorders are considered. Results. The main goals and methods of psychosocial rehabilitation are considered. It is determined that remission is a dynamic state, in which a higher level of patient adaptation to life is monitored in a series of successive steps. The pathogenic approach, which focuses on the mental disorder, and the salutogenic approach, which focuses on the patient's subjective well-being to promote the desire for recovery, are investigated. The stages of psychosocial correction include psychodiagnostics and assessment of areas of influence, planning and goal setting, working with causes and negative beliefs, developing new strategies and skills, evaluation of the results of psychocorrectional intervention, and the final stage, which aims to improve the patient's health behavior in remission. These steps are important in achieving positive changes in the individual, even despite certain limitations. Conclusions. In order to reduce the likelihood of relapse in mental illnesses among patients, a number of psychosocial interventions are recommended: mandatory psychological consultation with a medical psychologist; psychodiagnostics to identify problematic functions and goals of psychological influence; patient attendance at group trainings within the medical institution; organization of psychosocial rehabilitation and psychotherapy using the most effective techniques based on the principles of individual approach.