МОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫЕ МЕХАНИЗМЫ И ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ДЕТЕРМИНАНТЫ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ К АНТИБАКТЕРИАЛЬНЫМ ПРЕПАРАТАМ У МИКРООРГАНИЗМОВ (Обзор)

ЗУБАРЕВА, В.Д.

doi:10.15389/agrobiology.2022.2.237rus

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 44 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…Кроме устойчивости к хлорамфениколу и флорфениколу, штаммы-носители этого гена также устойчивы к линкозамидам (клиндамицину и линкомицину) и линезолиду. Ген cfr кодирует РНК-метилтрансферазу, в результате функционирования которой происходит синтез фермента метилазы, модифицирующего бактериальную рибосому и в результате препятствующему связыванию с ней линезолида, что приводит к возникновению устойчивости [27,28]. Гены cfr обнаружены у многих клинических изолятов, устойчивых к линезолиду.…”

Section: результатыunclassified

Study of Antibiotic Resistance of <i>Bacillus</i> Bacteria Isolated from the International Space Station and a Hospital Laboratory

Yenikeyev,

Zakharchuk

2024

A&Ch

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Background. To date, there is little data on the clinical characteristics of Bacillus bacteria found in clean rooms and aseptic facilities.The aim of the study was to identify and determine the resistance of Bacillus strains isolated from the International Space Station and medical laboratory to clinically significant antibiotics.Methods. Isolates were identified using 16S rRNA gene analysis, MALDI-TOF, and whole-genome sequencing. Antibiotic sensitivity was assessed using the disk diffusion method.Results. Seven Bacillus strains out of 13 showed resistance to imipenem, and each of B. cereus LR2HG21, HSA01, HSA03, and HSA12 showed resistance to imipenem, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and norfloxacin. Whole-genome sequencing of B. cereus LR2HG21, HSA01, HSA03, HSA12 and B. safensis SE192, resistant to imipenem and meropenem, showed that resistance to them is provided by the TEM-116 gene. In addition to TEM-116, the resistance of B. cereus LR2HG21 to imipenem and meropenem, and B. cereus HSA01 and HSA03 to imipenem, is provided by the BcI and/or BcII genes. Resistance to erythromycin in B. subtilis SE15 and B. subtilis SE171 is encoded by the mphK gene.Conclusion. Resistance to a particular antibiotic in different Bacillus strains can be achieved by one or more mechanisms simultaneously.

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Section: результатыunclassified

Study of Antibiotic Resistance of <i>Bacillus</i> Bacteria Isolated from the International Space Station and a Hospital Laboratory

Yenikeyev,

Zakharchuk

2024

A&Ch

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Morphofunctional changes in the organs of experimental animals when using pharmaceutical compassions based on nizin

Isakova,

Belousov,

Drozdova

2023

Agrarian Bulletin of The

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Abstract. The use of new drugs on highly productive animals is impossible without identifying the permissible consequences of the use of substances included in the composition on the functional state of individual organs, tissues and body systems. In this regard, the purpose of our study was to study the effect of the developed pharmaceutical compositions on the morphofunctional parameters of the organs of experimental animals. Methods. The study used 70 female non-linear white laboratory rats, which were given pharmaceutical compositions based on nizin in different doses for 30 days. During the study, biochemical and histological methods were used. Results. Significant statistical outliers have been established for a number of biochemical indicators that cannot fully indicate the presence or absence of a negative effect of the studied compositions on the functions of parenchymal organs of experimental animals, on the basis of which we conducted a histological study to detect morphological changes at the cellular level. In the experimental group of animals, where the dose of the developed compositions was 500 mg/kg, the structure of the organs corresponded to anatomical parameters, pathological processes were not detected. A study of the organs of animals receiving the developed compositions at a dose of 750 mg/kg revealed reversible compensatory changes in the liver and spleen. In the third experimental group, where the dose of the studied compositions was 1000 mg/kg, a number of pathological processes were registered, which were regarded as reversible pathological, however, the established changes characteristic of circulatory disorders in the vessels of the microcirculatory bed of the liver and kidneys were attributed to irreversible processes, as a result of which the dose is characterized as critical and is not recommended for use on highly productive animals. Scientific novelty. The morphological and functional state of organs of laboratory animals was studied for the first time when using new pharmaceutical compositions, which include nisin, silicon glycerolates and boron bisglycerolates.

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Antibacterial Resistance. The Challenge of Modernity

Daudova,

Demina,

Genatullina

et al. 2023

A&Ch

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Antimicrobial resistance is considered by WHO as one of the most important threats to public health in the twenty-first century. According to forecasts, by 2025, many first-line antimicrobials will lose their effectiveness and the «post-antibiotic era» will begin. Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp. and representatives of the genus Mycobacterium are classified by the American Society of Infectious Diseases as microorganisms that play a predominant role in the development of infections associated with medical care and leading to fatal consequences. The review highlights the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance and many variants of microbial resistance to antibiotics. Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of the formation of resistance of microorganisms allows us to develop strategic directions for overcoming it. The search for new ways to prevent and overcome the formation of resistance of pathogens to antibiotics is an extremely important task of modern medical science. The effectiveness of hybrid antibiotics associated with chemical compounds with various specific effects is presented. The use of the main active factor of the bacterial virus, endolysin, both in its pure form and as part of homodimers, for example, lysoprotein, which is a complex of endolysin with human immunoglobulins, is considered promising. Phage therapy of the future is a personalized phage therapy that requires the creation of a library or bank of phages.

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МОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫЕ МЕХАНИЗМЫ И ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ДЕТЕРМИНАНТЫ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ К АНТИБАКТЕРИАЛЬНЫМ ПРЕПАРАТАМ У МИКРООРГАНИЗМОВ (Обзор)

Cited by 3 publications

References 44 publications

Study of Antibiotic Resistance of <i>Bacillus</i> Bacteria Isolated from the International Space Station and a Hospital Laboratory

Study of Antibiotic Resistance of <i>Bacillus</i> Bacteria Isolated from the International Space Station and a Hospital Laboratory

Morphofunctional changes in the organs of experimental animals when using pharmaceutical compassions based on nizin

Antibacterial Resistance. The Challenge of Modernity

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