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The paper presents the results of autumn-winter surveys of the thermohaline structure and currents of the Tag-anrog Bay of the Azov Sea in 2021. The seiche periods of the sea proper are estimated from the results of spectral analysis of data from Temryuk level detectors. A comparison was made with the spectra of level fluctuations in Yeisk and Donskoy. The conclusion is made about the predominance of cyclically repeating seiche currents over wind currents. The eigen resonance mode (uninodal seiche) in the eastern part of the Taganrog Bay has a period of 12 h, in the central and western parts - 24 h, in the Azov Sea proper - 38 h. Estimates are confirmed analytically, by current measurements and by level detectors. In practice, this means that with the strongest positive and negative water setups in 12-24 hours, with a constant wind, the direction of the current will change to the opposite. The described nature of the circulation, on the one hand, distinguishes the Azov Sea from other similar water bodies, on the other hand, it makes it possible to reveal the energy potential of the basin in an unusual way.
The paper presents the results of autumn-winter surveys of the thermohaline structure and currents of the Tag-anrog Bay of the Azov Sea in 2021. The seiche periods of the sea proper are estimated from the results of spectral analysis of data from Temryuk level detectors. A comparison was made with the spectra of level fluctuations in Yeisk and Donskoy. The conclusion is made about the predominance of cyclically repeating seiche currents over wind currents. The eigen resonance mode (uninodal seiche) in the eastern part of the Taganrog Bay has a period of 12 h, in the central and western parts - 24 h, in the Azov Sea proper - 38 h. Estimates are confirmed analytically, by current measurements and by level detectors. In practice, this means that with the strongest positive and negative water setups in 12-24 hours, with a constant wind, the direction of the current will change to the opposite. The described nature of the circulation, on the one hand, distinguishes the Azov Sea from other similar water bodies, on the other hand, it makes it possible to reveal the energy potential of the basin in an unusual way.
Long-term climatic changes have led to a decrease in the water content of a number of Russian rivers. In the pool of R. The Don phase of low water content has been going on since 2007. In addition, due to climate warming, significant fluctuations in the intra-annual hydrological regime are observed. The climatic situation and high anthropogenic pressure on water resources complicate the conditions for the development of irrigated agriculture. At the same time, there is an obvious need to increase the area of irrigated land on the Lower Don. The authors of the article propose a number of measures that contribute to the effective development of the Nizhny Don water management complex against the background of water scarcity. The possibility of replenishing the flow of the Don River is considered. In the conditions of the Azov-Don basin, a geoinformation web-based decision support system for integrated management of the reclamation and water management complex developed at the Federal Scientific Center for Hydraulic Engineering and Melioration named after A.N. Kostyakov can be used. The proposed hydrodynamic model of the Lower Don can be used in order to form optimal modes of operation of the Tsimlyansk hydroelectric complex in the interests of agricultural and fisheries water users.
In 2018-2019, the zooplankton was studied in the Don River from the source to the mouth including the Tsimlyansk Reservoir, Volga-Don shipping canal, and the upper part of Taganrog Bay of the Sea of Azov. Habitats of two Ponto-Caspian species of copepods ( Heterocope caspia and Eurytemora caspica ) and of three alien species, Mediterranean copepod Calanipeda aquaedulcis , a representative of the neritic zone Acartia ( Acanthacartia ) tonsa and East Asian euryhaline Thermocyclops taihokuensis were found. For the first time, the findings of T. taihokuensis were recorded in the Don River upstream and downstream of the Tsimlyansk Reservoir and in water bodies of the Volga-Don shipping canal. It is shown that the Ponto-Caspian Eurytemora caspica inhabits the Don River basin and Taganrog Bay of the Sea of Azov. The European copepod E. affinis which was previously recorded in the region was not found in the studied areas of the basin. The occurrence (>80% of samples) of the Ponto-Caspian species and Calanipeda aquaedulcis was the highest. A recent invader Thermocyclops taihokuensis reached the maximum abundance (>100 000 ind./m). By an example of the Tsimlyansk Reservoir, it is found that the way of the spread of the Ponto-Caspian and alien species in the Don River basin may be large-scale activities on the introduction of planktonic and benthic invertebrates conducted in the 1950-1970s in order to improve the food supply of valuable fish species. The history of dispersal of the studied copepod species and their population characteristics are discussed.
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