Дослідження Питання Інфантильних Гемангіом У Дітей

Abstract

Infantile haemangiomas are the most common congenital vascular anomaly in childhood, which occurs as a result of the slow growth of endothelial cells. This abnormality is represented by endothelial cell clusters that usually begin to develop during the first weeks of life and reach their maximum size at approximately 5-9 months of age, after which involution processes begin. Although Журнал «Перспективи та інновації науки» (Серія «Педагогіка», Серія «Психологія», Серія «Медицина») № 3(37) 2024 1307 most haemangiomas regress during the first years of a child's life, some can lead to serious complications, especially if they are located in the vicinity of important organs. The article discusses modern aspects of diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of infantile haemangiomas in children. There are various treatment options available today, including wait-and-see, systemic pharmacotherapy, laser therapy, surgery, and interventional radiology. The choice of treatment depends on the size, location and potential risk of complications. In some cases, a combination of treatments may be necessary to achieve an optimal outcome.Factors that influence the prognosis and clinical course of IG, such as the size and location of the lesion, age at onset of haemangioma, associated malformations, and coexistence of other vascular anomalies, are also discussed. The majority of haemangiomas have a favourable prognosis, but in some cases, serious skin discolouration, organ dysfunction or other complications may develop, requiring active treatment and close monitoring. Possible causes include hormonal, genetic and immunological factors, as well as the possibility of association with other conditions or diseases. Additional research is needed to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of infantile haemangiomas and to develop new methods for the prevention and treatment of this pathology. Infantile haemangiomas are an important medical problem in childhood, requiring a comprehensive approach to diagnosis and treatment. Progress in this area can improve the prognosis for children with this disease and reduce the risk of complications.