$Υ$ electroproduction at HERA, EIC, and LHeC within the nonrelativistic QCD framework

Abstract

Based on the nonrelativistic QCD framework, we carry out the study of the Υ production in the semi-inclusive deeply inelastic electron-proton scattering (SIDIS) at HERA, EIC, and LHeC, respectively, with the main aim of assessing the viability of observing the Υ electroproductions at the three colliders. The color-octet (CO) contributions are found to exert crucial effect on both the integrated and differential cross sections, serving to further establish the significance of the CO mechanism. By setting the kinematic cuts to p 2 t,Υ > 1 GeV 2 , W > 50 GeV, 2 < Q 2 < 100 GeV 2 , and 0.3 < z < 0.9, only quite few electroproduced Υ events can be generated by HERA, partially accounting for its lack of measurement on the Υ electroproduction. However, under the same cut conditions, the EIC and the LHeC can accumulate about 8.7 × 10 2 and 3.7 × 10 4 reconstructed Υ events in one operation year, respectively, which manifestly indicates the prospect of detecting the Υ related SIDIS processes at the two forthcoming ep(eA) colliders.