Τhe Antioxidant Function of HDL in Atherosclerosis

Xepapadaki, Eva; Zvintzou, Evangelia; Kalogeropoulou, Christina; Filou, Serafoula; Kypreos, Kyriakos E.

doi:10.1177/0003319719854609

Cited by 39 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 121 publications

(165 reference statements)

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“…In addition, according to the new studies, HDL cholesterol provides resistance against atherosclerosis with many anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. 5,6 Thyroid hormones affect the activity of many key enzymes in lipid metabolism, so lipoprotein composition and transport are severely impaired in thyroid diseases. Obvious hypothyroidism causes hypercholesterolemia and elevated LDL levels.…”

Section: Original Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of Thyroid Autoimmunity on Dyslipidemia in patients with Euthyroid Hashimoto Thyroiditis

et al. 2021

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Background & Objective: The relationship between thyroid disorders and dyslipidemia has now been clearly demonstrated, but the relationship between thyroid autoimmunity and dyslipidemia in euthyroid patients is still controversial. Our aim in this study was to determine whether there is a risk of dyslipidemia in our patients with euthyroid hashimoto thyroiditis. Methods: Fifty-five autoantibody positive hashimoto patients and 55 antibody negative control groups who came to Sakarya University Medicine Faculty Endocrinology Outpatient Clinics between January 2018 and November 2019 were included in our case control study. The groups were similar in terms of age, cardiovascular risk factors and BMI. Both groups were compared according to the lipid profile results. Results: All type of lipids; including LDL (p = 0.008), HDL (p = 0.041), triglyceride (p = 0.045) and total cholesterol (p = 0.002), were higher in the patient group, and these differences were statistically significant. Anti-TPO and Anti-TG antibody titers and lipid levels were evaluated by separate correlation analysis. There was a significant positive correlation between Anti-TPO and LDL (r = 0.331, p <0.001), triglyceride (r = 0.267, p = 0.005) and total cholesterol (r = 0.316, p = 0.001), however no significant correlation was observed between Anti-TPO and HDL. Similarly, there was a significant positive correlation between Anti-TG and LDL (r = 0.318, p = 0.001), triglyceride (r = 0.218, p = 0.022), and total cholesterol (r = 0.301, p = 0.001), but HDL correlation relationship was not detected. Conclusion: The relationship between thyroid autoimmunity and dyslipidemia has been demonstrated in our study even in the euthyroid phase. Whether antibody positive patients should be followed more closely for dyslipidemia and cardiovascular events is still controversial. This question will be answered with larger randomized controlled trials. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.5.3883 How to cite this:Cengiz H, Demirci T, Varim C, Tamer A. The effect of Thyroid Autoimmunity on Dyslipidemia in patients with Euthyroid Hashimoto Thyroiditis. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.5.3883 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Section: Original Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of Thyroid Autoimmunity on Dyslipidemia in patients with Euthyroid Hashimoto Thyroiditis

et al. 2021

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“…This network is disrupted in atherosclerotic plaques due to pericyte phenotypic changes, leading to a loss of intercellular contacts and increased production of extracellular matrix components [8]. VSMCs involved in the pathological process can also undergo a phenotypic switch, possibly acquiring proliferative and secretory properties [9]. At the later stages of the disease development, plaques can acquire a stable fibrous cap that separates them from the vessel milieu.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Diabetes Mellitus–Atherosclerosis Connection: The Role of Lipid and Glucose Metabolism and Chronic Inflammation

Poznyak

Grechko

Poggio

et al. 2020

IJMS

629

359

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Diabetes mellitus comprises a group of carbohydrate metabolism disorders that share a common main feature of chronic hyperglycemia that results from defects of insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Insulin is an important anabolic hormone, and its deficiency leads to various metabolic abnormalities in proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. Atherosclerosis develops as a result of a multistep process ultimately leading to cardiovascular disease associated with high morbidity and mortality. Alteration of lipid metabolism is a risk factor and characteristic feature of atherosclerosis. Possible links between the two chronic disorders depending on altered metabolic pathways have been investigated in numerous studies. It was shown that both types of diabetes mellitus can actually induce atherosclerosis development or further accelerate its progression. Elevated glucose level, dyslipidemia, and other metabolic alterations that accompany the disease development are tightly involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis at almost every step of the atherogenic process. Chronic inflammation is currently considered as one of the key factors in atherosclerosis development and is present starting from the earliest stages of the pathology initiation. It may also be regarded as one of the possible links between atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus. However, the data available so far do not allow for developing effective anti-inflammatory therapeutic strategies that would stop atherosclerotic lesion progression or induce lesion reduction. In this review, we summarize the main aspects of diabetes mellitus that possibly affect the atherogenic process and its relationship with chronic inflammation. We also discuss the established pathophysiological features that link atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus, such as oxidative stress, altered protein kinase signaling, and the role of certain miRNA and epigenetic modifications.

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“…Proteomic analyses have revealed the presence of more than 85 different proteins in the HDL particle population [1,2]. Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA-1) is the main protein in this population but other apolipoproteins, such as apolipoprotein E (ApoE), apolipoprotein A2 (ApoA-2) and apolipoprotein C3 (ApoC-3), are also involved in HDL biogenesis [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…New evidence suggests that in addition to HDL-C levels, particle quality is very important [1]. Functional HDL has been reported to possess antiatherosclerotic and antioxidant properties by which it prevents oxidised LDL (ox-LDL)-mediated endothelial dysfunction [3]. It also inhibits endothelial adhesion and leucocyte and platelet activation [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HDL and type 2 diabetes: the chicken or the egg?

et al. 2021

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HDL is a complex macromolecular cluster of various components, such as apolipoproteins, enzymes and lipids. Quality evidence from clinical and epidemiological studies led to the principle that HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are inversely correlated with the risk of CHD. Nevertheless, the failure of many cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitors to protect against CVD casts doubts on this principle and highlights the fact that HDL functionality, as dictated by its proteome and lipidome, also plays an important role in protecting against metabolic disorders. Recent data indicate that HDL-C levels and HDL particle functionality are correlated with the pathogenesis and prognosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus, a major risk factor for CVD. Hyperglycaemia leads to reduced HDL-C levels and deteriorated HDL functionality, via various alterations in HDL particles' proteome and lipidome. In turn, reduced HDL-C levels and impaired HDL functionality impact the performance of key organs related to glucose homeostasis, such as pancreas and skeletal muscles. Interestingly, different structural alterations in HDL correlate with distinct metabolic abnormalities, as indicated by recent data evaluating the role of apolipoprotein A1 and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency in glucose homeostasis. While it is becoming evident that not all HDL disturbances are causatively associated with the development and progression of type 2 diabetes, a bidirectional correlation between these two conditions exists, leading to a perpetual self-feeding cycle.

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Τhe Antioxidant Function of HDL in Atherosclerosis

Cited by 39 publications

References 121 publications

The effect of Thyroid Autoimmunity on Dyslipidemia in patients with Euthyroid Hashimoto Thyroiditis

The effect of Thyroid Autoimmunity on Dyslipidemia in patients with Euthyroid Hashimoto Thyroiditis

The Diabetes Mellitus–Atherosclerosis Connection: The Role of Lipid and Glucose Metabolism and Chronic Inflammation

HDL and type 2 diabetes: the chicken or the egg?

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