π-Bridge Extension and Additive-Influenced Panchromaticity: A Synergetic Ploy for Augmenting Photovoltaic Characteristics of π-Distorted Chromophores

Abstract

Tetracyanobutadiene (TCBD)-derived π-chromic materials have gained momentum in electronic and photonic devices. Owing to their unique optoelectronic and structural characteristics, they further hold promise as active layer materials for granting access to futuristic organic solar cells (OSCs). In the present contribution, three TCBD-based electron donors (13–15) were synthesized by strategizing π-bridge extension along with the investigation of their opto-electrochemical and other functional properties. Exploiting the merger of these chromophores with near-IR absorbing 2,4-bis[4-(N,N-diphenylamino)-2,6-dihydroxyphenyl] squaraine (DPSQ) additive promotes an enhanced light harvesting property. Prototype OSCs fabricated with a ternary blend composed of 13–15, PC61BM, and DPSQ showed an improved efficiency of 9.8%. Apparently, a comparative evaluation of additive loading in influencing the photovoltaic parameters is remarked. On a larger picture, this work validates the synergy of π-spacing and external additives in augmenting the photovoltaic properties of TCBD-based electron donors.

Perspectives on push–pull chromophores derived from click-type [2 + 2] cycloaddition–retroelectrocyclization reactions of electron-rich alkynes and electron-deficient alkenes

“…A comprehensive overview of the advances in this regard can be found in the work of Butenschön et al [8]. While fullerene derivatives, such as [6,6]-phenyl-C 61 -butyric acid methyl ester ([60]PCBM) and [6,6]-phenyl-C 71 -butyric acid methyl ester ([70]PCBM) [171], have been widely used as electron-acceptor materials in BHJ OSCs, TCBD derivatives are considered as promising nonfullerene electron acceptors [26,[172][173][174][175][176]. The power conversion efficiency of the BHJ OSCs fabricated using the TCBD derivative containing carbazole and diketopyrrolopyrrole structures, denoted as 131, as the electron acceptor reached 7.19% (Figure 18) [173].…”

π-Distorted charge transfer chromophores and their materials chemistry in organic photovoltaics

“…66 According to the background of these complementary phenomenological properties, several research groups established the value of TCBD/DCNQ-based molecular chromophores for OSC applications. [67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84] As part of our continuing endeavours on p-chromic optical materials for diverse applications, [85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102] we also modified different TCBD/DCNQ-based heterojunction materials through judicious molecular design. [85][86][87][88][89] However, these preliminary initiatives overshadowed the charge mobility limitations to a certain extent, thereby stimulating further interest in exploring their material scope in OSCs.…”

Synthesis and Optoelectronic Features of Rhodamine‐Triazole Dyads as Metallochromic Probes for Copper‐Selective Chemosensing

“…[34] Because of this gain in fundamental understanding, rhodamine-based compounds were proven as metallochromic probes since the metal ions can cause a structural transition from the spirocyclic to ring-opened state. [28][29][30][31][32][33][34] As part of our ongoing interest in functional organic chromophores for diverse applications, [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] we herein report three rhodamine-triazole dyads (BzRh, MeBzRh and ClBzRh) with different peripheral substituents for the rapid and selective sensing of Cu 2 + ions. A detailed optoelectronic, electrochemical and surface morphological characterization of these dyads were analyzed and compared.…”