μ-PIV for the Analysis of Flow Fields near a Propagating Air-Liquid Interface

Yamaguchi, Eiichiro; Smith, Bradford J.; Gaver, Donald P.

doi:10.5772/37247

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…Particle image velocimetry (PIV) is well established and one of the most versatile tools to acquire whole field instantaneous flow fields under complex conditions (1). In past years, our laboratory has developed a microscale PIV (-PIV) system specialized for analysis of microscale interfacial flows during airway reopening (37,46,47). The modified -PIV system is depicted in Fig.…”

Section: Image Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microscale distribution and dynamic surface tension of pulmonary surfactant normalize the recruitment of asymmetric bifurcating airways

Yamaguchi

Nolan

Gaver

2017

Journal of Applied Physiology

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We investigate the influence of bifurcation geometry, asymmetry of daughter airways, surfactant distribution, and physicochemical properties on the uniformity of airway recruitment of asymmetric bifurcating airways. To do so, we developed microfluidic idealized in vitro models of bifurcating airways, through which we can independently evaluate the impact of carina location and daughter airway width and length. We explore the uniformity of recruitment and its relationship to the dynamic surface tension of the lining fluid and relate this behavior to the hydraulic (P) and capillary (P) pressure drops. These studies demonstrate the extraordinary importance of P in stabilizing reopening, even in highly asymmetric systems. The dynamic surface tension of pulmonary surfactant is integral to this stability because it modulates P in a velocity-dependent manner. Furthermore, the surfactant distribution at the propagating interface can have a very large influence on recruitment stability by focusing surfactant preferentially to specific daughter airways. This implies that modification of the surfactant distribution through novel modes of ventilation could be useful in inducing uniformly recruited lungs, aiding in gas exchange, and reducing ventilator-induced lung injury. The dynamic surface tension of pulmonary surfactant is integral to the uniformity of asymmetric bifurcation airway recruitments because it modulates capillary pressure drop in a velocity-dependent manner. Also, the surfactant distribution at the propagating interface can have a very large influence on recruitment stability by focusing surfactant preferentially to specific daughter airways. This implies that modification of the surfactant distribution through novel modes of ventilation could be useful in inducing uniformly recruited lungs, reducing ventilator-induced lung injury.

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Section: Image Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2B. Optics principles and system operation are unchanged from the system described in Yamaguchi et al (45,46). Volumetric illumination is provided by a dual-pulse Nd:YAG laser ( ϭ 532 nm, power ϭ 15 mJ/pulse, duration ϭ 4 ns; New Wave Laser Pulse Solo Mini, New Wave Research-ESI, Fremont, CA).…”

Section: Image Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscale distribution and dynamic surface tension of pulmonary surfactant normalize the recruitment of asymmetric bifurcating airways

Yamaguchi

Nolan

Gaver

2017

Journal of Applied Physiology

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The unusual symmetric reopening effect induced by pulmonary surfactant

Yamaguchi

Giannetti

Houten

et al. 2014

Journal of Applied Physiology

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This study investigates the stability of a finger of air as it propagates into a liquid-filled model of a liquid-filled model of a pulmonary bifurcation. We seek to elucidate the stability characteristics of the reopening of daughter airways, an event that may be important to the treatment of acute lung disease. To do so, we investigated the symmetry of reopening under conditions of nearly constant surface tension with 1) purified H2O or 2) an anionic surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate). Dynamic surface tension was investigated using pulmonary surfactant (Infasurf) with and without the presence of albumin. Flow visualization was accomplished using a microparticle image velocimetry (μ-PIV)/shadowgraph system through which we measured 1) the propagation velocity of the finger of air that reopens each daughter branch, and 2) the instantaneous and averaged velocity field of liquid phase surrounding the tip of the propagating bubble. Only pulmonary surfactant demonstrated the ability of maintaining a nearly symmetric propagation in the daughter channels, which is likely to lead to homogeneous airway reopening. In contrast, when pulmonary surfactant was inactivated by albumin or when the system was held at a nearly constant surface tension, reopening occurred asymmetrically. Our analysis suggests that Infasurf's dynamic surface tension qualities are important to stabilize the removal of liquid obstructions. This demonstrates a new important function of pulmonary surfactant for airway reopening of a multibranched network.

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μ-PIV for the Analysis of Flow Fields near a Propagating Air-Liquid Interface

Cited by 2 publications

References 30 publications

Microscale distribution and dynamic surface tension of pulmonary surfactant normalize the recruitment of asymmetric bifurcating airways

Microscale distribution and dynamic surface tension of pulmonary surfactant normalize the recruitment of asymmetric bifurcating airways

The unusual symmetric reopening effect induced by pulmonary surfactant

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