Η προώθηση της δημιουργικότητας των μαθητών μέσω τριών παιδαγωγικών μεθόδων: Montessori, Waldorf, Reggio Emilia

Abstract

Η προώθηση της δημιουργικότητας των μαθητών μέσω τριών παιδαγωγικών μεθόδων: Montessori, Waldorf, Reggio Emilia ΠΑΠΑΝΑΣΤΑΣΙΟΥ ΔΗΜΗΤΡΑ ΑΝΑΓΝΩΣΤΟΠΟΥΛΟΥ ΒΑΣΙΛΙΚΗ ΠΑΡΟΥΣΗ ΑΙΚΑΤΕΡΙΝΗ-ΣΟΦΙΑ http://dx.-Publisher: EKT | Downloaded at 08/07/2020 21:16:58 | ζπνπδώλ ζηε Reggio Emillia θαζνξίδεηαη από ηνλ ίδην ην καζεηή αλάινγα κε ηηο γλσζηηθέο θαη ςπρνζπλαηζζεκαηηθέο ηνπ αλάγθεο. Σέινο, θαη ζηηο ηξεηο κεζόδνπο ν δάζθαινο έρεη ξόιν θαζνδεγεηή, ελώ ζηελ Reggio Emilia επηηειεί ηαπηόρξνλα θαη ην ξόιν ηνπ ζπλεξγάηε ησλ καζεηώλ γηα ηε δηεθπεξαίσζε ηεο κάζεζεο. ΛΔΞΔΙ -ΚΛΔΙΓΙΑ: Montessori, Waldorf, Reggio Emilia, δεκηνπξγηθόηεηα, δεκηνπξγηθή ζθέςε ABSTRACT Creativity can be cultivated from a very young age, so education is adopting curricula aimed at promoting creative thinking.This literature review presents the way that three particular pedagogical methods promote the cultivation of creativity. Montessori's method promotes creativity through freedom-discipline, self-motivation, and collaboration. Specifically, children learn through a predefined educational material by exploring and discovering reality.Similarly, the Waldorf method aims at educating the child as a whole (heart-headhands). Important factors in the cultivation of creativity in Waldorf are "anthroposophy", "eurythmy" and the development of imagination. Last, ReggioEmillia's method strengthens creativity with the use of communication arts. Through dialogue, the child becomes part of the construction of knowledge he needs to reach.Conclusions: The pedagogical methods, mentioned above, respect the child as a person and focus on his education through the cultivation of creative thinking.They promote creativity of children, each one with its own means, having in common the use of arts and the development of imagination. The main differences between the methods are that Montessori and Waldorf follow a predefined curriculum, while Reggio Emillia's curriculum is determined by the student himself according to his cognitive and emotional needs. Last, in all three methods the teacher has the role of director, while in Reggio Emilia has also the role of students' partner in the process of learning.